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Parmigianino

Also known as Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola, Francesco Mazzola, Parmigiano, Il Parmigianino, Francesco Mazzuoli, Francesco Massola, Mazzuoli Parmigiano, Parmegianino

Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola (11 January 150324 August 1540), also known as Francesco Mazzola or, more commonly, as Parmigianino (, , ; "the little one from Parma"), was an Italian Mannerist painter and printmaker active in Florence, Rome, Bologna, and his native city of Parma. His work is characterized by a "refined sensuality" and often elongation of forms and includes Vision of Saint Jerome (1527) and the iconic if somewhat anomalous Madonna with the Long Neck (1534), and he remains the best known artist of the first generation whose whole careers fall into the Mannerist period.

OverviewAI-generated

Parmigianino, born Francesco Girolamo in Parma in 1503, was an Italian painter, graphic artist, etcher, and draftsperson. He worked in the High Renaissance and Mannerism movements, focusing on history painting and portraits. His notable works include *The Circumcision*, *Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror*, and *Madonna with the Long Neck*. He died in Casalmaggiore in 1540.

Throughout his career, Parmigianino worked in Bologna, Mantua, Parma, and Rome. His artworks are held in collections such as the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Städel Museum, Minneapolis Institute of Art, and Museo del Prado. He is described in sources including *Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects* and *The Catholic Encyclopedia*.

Synthesized by Vinony from 29 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, Open Library, Europeana Sparql, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Born: 1503
Died: 1540
Works: 18

Top works

L'opera di Parmigianino incisore
Oeuvres complètes du Corrège et choix du Parmesan
Saggi di storia e di stile
Varii disegni inventati dal celebre Francesco Mazzuola detto il Parmigianino
[Numerous illustrations by various engravers]

via Open Library + Wikidata

Key facts

Artist.name: Parmigianino
Artist.image: Parmigianino Selfportrait.jpg
Artist.image_size: 250px
Artist.caption: Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror (, age about 21), Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Artist.birth_place: Parma, Duchy of Milan
Artist.death_place: Casalmaggiore, Republic of Venice
Artist.field: Painting, etching
Artist.movement: Mannerist
Artist.works: Self-portrait in a Convex MirrorVision of Saint JeromeMadonna with the Long Neck

via Wikipedia infobox

Works in European collections

36 objects attributed to Parmigianino, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana

[St. Jean Baptiste dans le dèsert; John the Baptist in the Desert]

[Design Drawing of a School in Athens; Esquisse pour l “école d” Athènes]

[Death of Lucretia; The death of Lucretia]

[A boy dressed in a light shirt; Un Enfant, debout, vêtu d 'une sorte de chemise]

[The Holy Family with John; La Saint Famille, l 'enfant Jésus recevant les caresses du petit Saint-Jean]

Amor as an archer

Antea

La Madonna della Rosa

Madonna with Saints

Legend of Diana and Aktäon

Portrait of Galeazzo Sanvitale

Study sheet (three apostles)

Back figure of a girl in the oval frame

[Curación del paralítico] [Material gráfico]

[Entierro de Cristo] [Material gráfico]

Various studies

Vier Frauenköpfe

Vltimum decretum reuerrendiss. & illustriss. d. cardinalis de Gambara nuncupati, legates Cispadani, editum super cardinentis denial, est talis, videlicet.

Vltimum decretum reuerendiss. & illustriss. d. cardinalis de Gambara nuncupati, legati Cispadani, editum super instrumentis denuntiandis, est talis, videlicet.

Bando sopra li danni, datti nelle campagne del Parmiggiano.

Statement above the graduates who can be made on holidays, and what are the days to be observed for holidays.

Bando sopra il modo di dar in nota li bestiami all'uffitio del nuouo compartito della città di Parma, e altri luoghi vniti, & compartiti in esso, insieme con il bando sopra quelli, che fanno lauorare le possessioni a lor mano.

Bando over the bandits, et forastieri.

Grida fatta sopra le cinquine moratorie, saluatorij, & simili, da notificarsi per notule alli cancellieri dell'illust. communità di Parma, &c.

Grida et bando sopra a quanto sono tenuto gli consoli, sauii, deputati, comadri, & altri, cosi della città, come d'ogni altro, luoco sottoposto al maggior magistrato di Parma, circa gli figliuoli, che vengano esposti, o d'esponersi all'hospitale.

Grida et bando sopra a quanto sono tenuto gli consoli, sauii, deputati, comadri, & altri, cosi della città, come d'ogni altro luoco, sottoposto al maggior magistrato di Parma, circa gli figliuoli, che vengono esposti, o d'esponersi all'hospitale.

Grida, et bando sopra a quanto sono tenuto gli consoli, sauii, deputati, comadri, & altri, cosi della città, come d'ogn'altro luoco, sottoposto al maggior magistrato di Parma, circa gli figliuoli, che vengono esposti, o d'esponersi all'hospitale.

Grida sopra quanto si ha da osseruare, il sabbato, così nel vendere, come nel comprare le biade su'l mercato, in questa città.

WB warner bros [in] color deluxe [presenta] Robert Lansing, Lee Meriwether, James Congdon [in] Delitto in 4. dimensione. Regia di I. Shortess Yeaworth jr. Sceneggiatura di Theodore Simonson e Cy Chermak, prodotto da Jack H. Harris, una produzione Fairview

Un pugno di fango

Warner bros [presenta] Asfalto selvaggio. Rita Moreno, Mark Damon, Gerald Mohr regia di Richard L. Bare. Sceneggiatura d Morris Lee Green. Riduzione e consulenza di A.B. Guthrie jr. Produttore esecutivo Robert H. Yamin. Prodotto da William Rowland

Il buio in cima alle scale. Robert Preston, Dorothy McGuire ... Sceneggiatura di Harriet frank jr. & Irving Ravet dal lavoro teatrale di William Inge. Musica di Max Steiner. Prodotto per il teatro da Saint-Subber e Elia Kazar. Prodotto da Michael Garrison. Regia di Delber Mann. Technicolor. WB Warner bros

La Warner Bros presenta un film Alfred Hitchcock, Io confesso. [Con] Montgomery Clift, Anne Baxter, Karl Malden, Brian Aherne. Regia di Alfred Hitchcock, sceneggiatura di George Tabori e William Archibald, musiche composte e dirette da Dimitri Tiomkin

Warner bros-Seven arts features Joanne Woodward in Paul Newman's film. Jennifer's first time. James Olson, Kate Harrington, Estelle Parsons... Produced and directed by Paul Newman. Screenplay of Stwewart Stern, from Margaret Laurence's short story “A Jest of God,” music composed and directed by Jerome Moross, a production Kayos, W7, Warner bros-Seven Arts

La Warner Bros. presenta Chi ha paura di Virginia Woolf? [Con] Elizabeth Taylor, Richard Burton con George Segal ... Regia di Mike Nichols. Una produzione Ernest Lehman, prodotto per le scene da Richard Barr e Clinton Wilder, sceneggiatura di Ernest Lehman, musica di Alex North, Warner Bros

~10 min read

Encyclopedic overview

9 sections

Contents

Early years
Work in Fontanellato and travel to Rome
Bologna and return to Parma
Printmaker
Selected works
See also
Notes
References
External links

His prodigious and individual talent has always been recognised, but his career was disrupted by war, especially the Sack of Rome in 1527, three years after he moved there, and then ended by his death at 37. He produced outstanding drawings, and was one of the first Italian painters to experiment with printmaking himself. While his portable works have always been keenly collected and are now in major museums in Italy and around the world, his two large projects in fresco are in a church in Parma and a palace in a small town nearby. This in conjunction with their lack of large main subjects has resulted in their being less well known than other works by similar artists. He painted a number of important portraits, leading a trend in Italy towards the three-quarters or full-length figure, previously mostly reserved for royalty.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Parmigianino” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.