File:Peter_Paul_Rubens_-_Self-portrait_-_RH.S.180_-_Rubenshuis_(after_restoration).jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Peter Paul Rubens
Sign in to saveAlso known as Peter Paul Ruebens, Pieter Paul Rubens, Pieter Paul Rubbens, Petri Paulo Rubbens, Pierre Rubens
Flemish painter (1577–1640)
OverviewAI-generated
Peter Paul Rubens was a painter, graphic artist, and printmaker born in Siegen in 1577. He was a citizen of the Spanish Netherlands and is associated with the Flemish Baroque painting and Baroque movements. His occupations also included work as a diplomat. He studied under Tobias Verhaecht, Adam van Noort, and Otto van Veen. Rubens was employed by Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, Vincenzo Gonzaga, and Marie de' Medici.
He is known for notable works such as The Fall of the Damned, The Tiger Hunt, Rubens and Isabella Brant in the honeysuckle bower, and The Three Graces. His genres included history painting, religious painting, nude, and portrait painting. He was married to Isabella Brant and Helena Fourment. His parents were Maria Pypelinckx and Jan Rubens. He died in Antwerp and was buried at St. James' Church, Antwerp. Rubens taught students including Anthony van Dyck, Jan Boeckhorst, Abraham van Diepenbeeck, and Justus van Egmont.
Synthesized by Vinony from 38 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, Crossref, MusicBrainz, Last.fm, Open Library, Europeana Sparql, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Person · Open Library
- Born
- 1577
- Died
- 1640
- Works
- 186
Top works
- La vita di Maria de' Medici nell'opera di Rubens
- Pis'ma
- Peter Paul Rubens
- Oil sketches and smaller pictures by Sir Peter Paul Rubens
- Missale Romanum
via Open Library + Wikidata
Music · MusicBrainz
- Type
- Person
- Gender
- Male
- Origin
- United Kingdom
- Active from
- 1875-04-29
- Active to
- 1917-02-05
via MusicBrainz · CC0
Listeners · Last.fm
- Listeners
- 63
- Total plays
- 242
Similar artists
<a href="https://www.last.fm/music/Peter+Paul+Rubens">Read more on Last.fm</a>
Recent publications · Crossref
5 total works indexed
- Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
· 1999 · cited 87,489x
- Nonparametric Estimation from Incomplete Observations
· 1958 · cited 70,831x
- “Mini-mental state”
· 1975 · cited 68,300x
- Research electronic data capture (REDCap)—A metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support
· 2009 · cited 46,854x
- Cytoscape: A Software Environment for Integrated Models of Biomolecular Interaction Networks
· 2003 · cited 45,784x
via Crossref · CC0
Quotes
- “The light falls so unfavorably on the altar that one can hardly discern the figures or enjoy the beauty of color and the delicacy of the heads and draperies which I executed with great care from nature and completely successfully according to the judgement of all. Therefore, seeing that all the merit in the work is thrown away and since I cannot obtain the honor due my efforts unless the results can be seen, I do not think I will unveil it.”
- “I should not base it [ the mural-painting 'Madonna della Vallicella' Rubens painted c. 1607] on the estimate of Rome but leave it to the discretion of His Highness [the Duke of Mantua].. ..though the figures [but withdraw it for the light in the church was to strong there] are saints, they have no special attributes or insignia that could not be applied to any other saints of similar rank.”
- “I have not yet made up my mind whether to remain in my own country Flanders or to return forever to Rome.. ..[I have received] an invitation on the most favorable terms.. ..Here they also do not fail to make every effort to keep me by every sort of compliment. The Archduke and the Most Serene Infanta have had letters written urging me to remain in their service. The offers are very generous but I have little desire to become a courtier again.”
- “[those paintings that are] done entirely by my hand.. ..[those,]done by the hand of a master skillfull in that department.. ..but this one not being finished, would be entirely retouched by my own hand, and by this means would pass as original; done by one of my pupils, but the whole retouched by my hand.”
- “I have heard that you have found the secret of engraving on copper on white ground, as Elsheimer did. To bite the plate with acid, he covered the copper with a white paste. He then drew with the point down to the metal, which is of reddish color, and it looked as if he were drawing with red crayon on white paper. I cannot remember the composition of this write paste, although he communicated it to me.”
- “[on the high seas] the English are increasing their insolence and barbarity. [T]hey cut to pieces the captain of a ship coming from Spain and threw all the crew into the sea for having defended themselves valiantly.”
via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA
Works in European collections
36 objects attributed to Peter Paul Rubens, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana
[Landscape with a Rainbow]
[The Judgement of Paris]
St. Simon
[Marcus Iunius Brutus; Marcus Junius Brutus]
[Portrait of the Painter Frans Francken the Elder; Frans Francken the Elder; Portret van Frans Francken I]
[Effigies Paracelsi Medici Celeberrimi; Paracelsus, Theophrastus]
[The Resurrection]
[Isabella d “Este; Isabella d” Este, marquise of Mantua]
[Drunk Bacchus'; Drunk[ of Bacchus]
Ecce Homo
S. Iacobus Maior
Figure group
[Wild boar hunting; wild boar hunting]
Five lions and a lioness
[The Visitation; The Visitation]
C. Caesar dict. Perspetuo
[La carreta] [Material gráfico]
[Paisaje con hombres empujando un carro] [Material gráfico]
SERENISSIMI PRINCIPIS FERDINANDI HISPANIARVM INFANTIS... TRVMPHALIS INTROITVS IN FLANDRIAE METROPOLIM GANDAVVM AVCTORE GVLIELMO BECANO S.I. [Material gráfico]
Serenissimi Principis Ferdinandi Hispaniarum Infantis... Triumphalis Introitus in Flandriae Metropolim Gandauum [Printed Text]
[El triunfo de la Fe] [Material gráfico]
Letters of a rule
Christ dead on the knees of Mary
Cross erection
[Santa Catalina] [Material gráfico]
[La marcha de Sileno] [Material gráfico]
[El Juicio de Salomón] [Material gráfico]
[La Sagrada Familia con Santa Ana] [Material gráfico]
[Muerte de Séneca] [Material gráfico]
[Seneca in the Bathroom] [Graphic Material]
[Cimon and But] [Graphic Material]
[Ixión engañado por Juno] [Material gráfico]
[La toilet de Venus] [Material gráfico]
[La caída de los ángeles rebeldes] [Material gráfico]
[El jardín del amor con mujer sentada] [Material gráfico]
[Santa Catalina] [Material gráfico]
~40 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Sir Peter Paul Rubens (/ˈruːbənz/ ROO-bənz; Dutch: [ˈpeːtər pʌul ˈrybəns]; 28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist and diplomat. He is considered the most influential artist of the Flemish Baroque tradition. Rubens's highly charged compositions reference erudite aspects of classical and Christian history. His unique and immensely popular Baroque style emphasised movement, colour, and sensuality, which followed the immediate, dramatic artistic style promoted in the Counter-Reformation. Rubens was a painter producing altarpieces, portraits, landscapes, and history paintings of mythological and allegorical subjects. He was also a prolific designer of cartoons for the Flemish tapestry workshops and of frontispieces for the publishers in Antwerp.
Rubens was born and raised in the Holy Roman Empire (modern-day Germany) to parents who were refugees from Antwerp in the Duchy of Brabant in the Spanish Netherlands and moved to Antwerp at about 12. In addition to running a large workshop in Antwerp that produced paintings popular with nobility and art collectors throughout Europe, Rubens was a classically educated humanist scholar and diplomat who was knighted by both Philip IV of Spain and Charles I of England. Rubens was a prolific artist. The catalogue of his works by Michael Jaffé lists 1,403 pieces, excluding numerous copies made in his workshop.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Peter Paul Rubens” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.
Gallery (12)
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