The ' or (), Latinized as or ', was a senior official in the Byzantine bureaucracy. The title means "first ", illustrating his position as the head of the order of the , the senior class of imperial notaries.
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The ' or (), Latinized as or ', was a senior official in the Byzantine bureaucracy. The title means "first ", illustrating his position as the head of the order of the , the senior class of imperial notaries.
The post evolved gradually. The first are attested from the 6th century, and several Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople and one emperor, Anastasios II (), were drawn from their ranks. Aside from possibly anachronistic references to Maximus the Confessor being a under Emperor Heraclius (), the earliest confirmed occurrence (as ) comes from the Liber Pontificalis for the year 756. As head of the imperial chancery (the effective successor of the late Roman ), the position was highly influential: in the 899 Kletorologion of Philotheos, a list of court precedence of officials, he is placed seventh among the , the financial ministers of the state. From documents and sigillographic evidence, the holders of the office held the dignities of , and . Among others, the Patriarch Photios (858–867 and 877–886) held the post.
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).