Qizilbash

thumb|Qizilbash troops of Shah Ismail I. Circa 1647 painting, [[Chehel Sotoun]]

Qizilbash or Kizilbash were a diverse array of mainly Turkoman Shia militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia, the Armenian highlands, and the Caucasus from the late 15th century onwards, and contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty in early modern Iran.