resonance

thumb|upright=2|Increase of amplitude as damping decreases and frequency approaches resonant frequency of a driven Damping ratio|damped [[simple harmonic oscillator.]]

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Resonance occurs when something vibrating at just the right frequency causes an object to vibrate back and forth with increasingly large movements. It matters because resonance can dramatically amplify vibrations—from making musical instruments louder to potentially causing damage in structures like bridges or buildings if they vibrate at their natural resonant frequency.

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Commons category: Resonance

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~43 min read

Article

29 sections

Contents

Overview
Examples
Linear systems
The driven, damped harmonic oscillator
The pendulum
RLC series circuits
Voltage across the capacitor
Voltage across the inductor
Voltage across the resistor
Antiresonance
Relationships between resonance and frequency response in the RLC series circuit example
Generalizing resonance and antiresonance for linear systems
Standing waves
Standing waves on a string
Types
Mechanical
International Space Station
Acoustic
Electrical
Optical
Orbital
Atomic, particle, and molecular
Disadvantages
Q factor
Universal resonance curve
See also
Notes
References
External links

thumb|upright=2|Increase of amplitude as damping decreases and frequency approaches resonant frequency of a driven Damping ratio|damped [[simple harmonic oscillator.]]

Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when an object or system is subjected to an external force or vibration whose frequency matches a resonant frequency (or resonance frequency) of the system, defined as a frequency that generates a maximum amplitude response in the system. When this happens, the object or system absorbs energy from the external force and starts vibrating with a larger amplitude. Resonance can occur in various systems, such as mechanical, electrical, or acoustic systems, and it is often desirable in certain applications, such as musical instruments or radio receivers. However, resonance can also be detrimental, leading to excessive vibrations or even structural failure in some cases.