Robert W. Holley
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Robert W. Holley was an American biochemist who lived from 1922 to 1993 and made important contributions to understanding how cells use genetic information. His work is significant because it helped reveal the fundamental mechanisms of life at the molecular level.
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Robert W. Holley, on the far left Robert William Holley (January 28, 1922 – February 11, 1993) was an American biochemist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 (with Har Gobind Khorana and Marshall Warren Nirenberg) for describing the structure of alanine transfer RNA, linking DNA and protein synthesis.
Holley was born in Urbana, Illinois, and graduated from Urbana High School in 1938. He went on to study chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, graduating in 1942 and commencing his PhD studies in organic chemistry at Cornell University. During World War II Holley spent two years working under Professor Vincent du Vigneaud at Cornell University Medical College, where he was involved in the first chemical synthesis of penicillin. Holley completed his PhD studies in 1947.
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1922 births1993 deaths20th-century American biochemistsAmerican Nobel laureatesHistory of biotechnologyHistory of geneticsMembers of the United States National Academy of SciencesNobel laureates in Physiology or MedicinePeople from Urbana, IllinoisRecipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical ResearchSalk Institute for Biological Studies people