Sabino Arana

Sabino Policarpo Arana Goiri, also known by the Basque version of his name, Sabin Polikarpo Arana Goiri, or by his self-styled name Arana ta Goiri'taŕ Sabin (26 January 1865 – 25 November 1903), was a Spanish writer and the founder of the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ). Considered the father of Basque nationalism, he promoted and helped standardize the Basque language, creating a distinct Basque orthography that later served as a basis for Standard Basque, and coined many neologisms to enhance the language's prestige and resilience against Castilian and French language influences.

However, Arana's legacy is controversial due to his advocacy of sexist and racist ideas, some of which have been described as proto-fascist, drawing criticism from both supporters and critics of Basque nationalism.