Also known as Seoul Special City, Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi, Wiryeseong, Namgyeong, Hanseong, Hanyang, Keijō, Keijou
capital da Coreia do Sul
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thumb|Gangnam district by night
With over 10 million people, a figure that doubles if you include neighboring cities and suburbs, Seoul is the largest city in South Korea and unquestionably the economic, political and cultural hub of the nation. By some measures it is the second largest urban agglomeration on the planet, after Greater Tokyo.
Seoul is a favourite with tourists from China, Japan, Southeast Asia, and, increasingly, the West, encouraged by the success of Korean pop culture. Aside from the native Korean, travelers will frequently overhear Japanese, Cantonese or Mandarin as well; many restaurants and stores, especially in the more touristy areas like Myeongdong, will have signs in Japanese and Chinese, as well as Korean and English.
The traveler who visits Seoul will not be disappointed. This sprawling metropolis is truly vast – though the casual traveler can see most of the main sites in a few days, a dedicated traveler could spend months exploring all the alleyways and far-off neighborhoods. As the capital of a country that has gone through massive development in the past sixty years, Seoul is constantly changing at an incredible pace, matched only by the mainland Chinese cities. This frantic pace of life is reflected everywhere – in Seoul's cutting-edge digital technology, in the millions of commuters rushing to work everyday in the world's third largest subway system, in one of the most vibrant nightlife scenes in the world, and in the thousands of high rise…
Traffic jams are all too common in Seoul, so be careful on the streets and head underground when possible. Street and subway signage is usually written in English as well as Korean.
Until 2011, Seoul (and South Korea as a whole) used an address system that was similar to that of Japan, where the streets did not have names and houses were numbered according to the position in the lot. This very confusing address system made it harder for tourists to navigate Seoul, and the government has introduced a Road Name Address System, which uses street names and the method of "odd house numbers on one side, even house numbers on the other side". The confusing old address system was discontinued in 2013, and nowadays, Seoul is easy to get around without extra help.
The 'Climate Card' (Gihoo Donghaeng Card) offers unlimited rides on subways and buses within Seoul for a fixed monthly fee.
Seul (em coreano hangul e hanja: 서울, romanização revisada: Seoul, romanização McCune-Reischauer: Sŏul, pronunciado: [sʰʌ.ul]), oficialmente Cidade Especial de Seul, é a capital e a maior metrópole da República da Coreia, mais conhecida como Coreia do Sul. A cidade é o núcleo da Região Metropolitana de Seul, que inclui a metrópole vizinha de Incheon e a província de Gyeonggi, a segunda maior área metropolitana do mundo, com mais de 25 milhões de habitantes. Situado às margens do rio Han, a história de Seul remonta a mais de dois mil anos, quando foi fundada em 18 a.C. por Baekje, um dos Três Reinos da Coreia. A cidade continuou como a capital coreana sob a Dinastia Joseon. A região de Seul contém cinco Patrimônios Mundiais da UNESCO: Complexo de Palácios de Ch'angdokkgung, Fortaleza de Hwasong, Santuário de Chongmyo, Namhansanseong e os Túmulos Reais da Dinastia Joseon. Seul é cercada por montanhas, sendo o monte Bukhan a mais alta delas, o parque nacional mais visitado do mundo por metro quadrado. Entre os marcos modernos estão a icônica N Seoul Tower, o dourado KLI 63 Building, o neofuturista Dongdaemun Plaza, o Lotte World, o segundo maior parque temático coberto do mundo, e a Ponte Banpo, a mais longa ponte-fonte do mundo. A capital sul-coreana foi eleita o destino turístico mais procurado do mundo por turistas chineses, japoneses e tailandeses por três anos consecutivos (2009-2011) e, com mais de 12 milhões de visitantes internacionais em 2013, é a 10ª cidade mais visitada do mundo. Atualmente, Seul é considerada uma cidade global importante, resultado do boom econômico chamado de "Milagre do rio Han", que transformou-a de um amontoado de ruínas durante a Guerra da Coreia para a 4ª maior economia metropolitana do mundo, com um PIB de 774 bilhões de dólares em 2012, depois de Tóquio, Nova York e Los Angeles. A metrópole é a sede de empresas da Fortune Global 500, como a Samsung, a maior empresa de tecnologia do mundo, a LG e a Hyundai-Kia. Em 2013, o PIB (PPC) per capita da cidade de 39.448 dólares era comparável ao da França e Finlândia. Seul é a cidade mais conectada do mundo e o seu sistema de metrô é um dos mais extensos do planeta. A cidade está conectada ao Aeroporto Internacional de Incheon, classificado como o melhor aeroporto do mundo por nove anos (2005-2013) pelo Conselho Internacional de Aeroportos. O Lotte World Tower, um arranha-céu de 556 metros de altura e com 123 andares, está em construção e será o mais alto da OCDE. A capital foi anfitriã dos Jogos Asiáticos de 1986, os Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1988 e a Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2002.
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thumb|Deoksugung palace thumb|Opening at night of Gyeongbokgung Palace thumb|Gwanghwamun
Seoul is a vast, vibrant cityscape, set against an airy backdrop of mountains. It includes a standout collection of attractions with a blend of old and new.
While Seoul today is mostly known as a super-modern mega-city that is home to skyscrapers, malls, and millions of electronic-mad Koreans, the city contains over 2,000 years of history. The city contains 4 UNESCO sites marking important monuments from its 505 years as the capital of the Joseon Dynasty. Originally a walled city with stone walls and narrow lanes inside. Though many buildings were destroyed or damaged during the violent events of the first half of the 20th century, much of its historic core remains. So, anyone staying in Seoul should visit the many historical treasures the city has to offer, including the many palaces and city gates within the Jongno district.
Enjoy hiking in the mountains around the city. Up to 800m (3,000 ft) is accessible by public transport, with courses ranging from easy to difficult. There are Bukhansan Mountain, Gwanaksan Mountain, Samseongsan Mountain, Inwangsan Mountain, etc. (Mostly [Seoul/North]). If you don't like mountains, walk along Cheonggyecheon Stream.
Watch baseball, a national sport, at Gocheok Sky Dome in Guro-gu, the home of the Kiwoom Heroes, or Jamsil Baseball Stadium in Songpa-gu, the home of the LG Twins and Doosan Bears.
Watch local soccer teams (FC Seoul based at Mapo-gu World Cup Stadium and Seoul E-Land FC based at Songpa-gu Olympic Main Stadium).
In South Korea, indoor sports are practiced until dawn. Golf and baseball on indoor screens, beer and bowling under upbeat music and lights.
Order jjajangmyeon and tangsuyuk for delivery and play pool. Nerd activities in Seoul
thumb|Hanbok, traditional Korean dresses at Dongdaemun market
Much of Korean social life revolves around food and the city is packed with restaurants, so you would have to be determined to starve to death in Seoul. This fate may still befall you if you insist on English menus and meals consisting only of easily identifiable, familiar ingredients, so see South Korea#Eat for a quick Korean menu reader. An alternative is to just point and eat, your hosts generally will accommodate. If you look in the right places, a good meal (lunch or dinner) including side dishes can cost ₩5,000 or less (try basements of large department stores).
thumb|Vendors selling Korean fast food in Gangnam
In addition to Korean food, Japanese restaurants in Seoul tend to be excellent, featuring excellent sushi and sashimi. Chinese restaurants exist, but are typically adapted to suit local preferences. There are a few Italian restaurants; these are generally excellent, with chefs trained in Italy, although flavors tend to be more or less Koreanized, with sugar in the garlic bread and meatballs.
Bakeries are found throughout, including some of the common big chains.
Seoul has plenty of budget places to eat. Everything from convenience store junk food and noodles to street stall food and lots of 24 hr Korean fast food restaurants. The 24-hour restaurants are great because they've usually got a wide variety of foods, including: mandu, odeng, ddeokbokki, naengmyeon, udong and ramyeon. Prices do vary from about ₩2,000-9,000 at these restaurants. Also open late into t…
Seoul features a mind-bogglingly large array of nightspots catering to every taste and budget. Hongdae and Sinchon in Seodaemun-Mapo are Seoul's most active nightlife districts. Itaewon in Yongsan is Seoul's international district, with a wide variety of Western-styled venues to eat and drink. Since many foreigners congregate there, Itaewon remains somewhat of a niche nightlife area for Koreans interested in a more international scene. Itaewon is also home to the highest concentration of gay bars in Seoul, in an alleyway known as "Homo Hill". Much nightlife in Seoul revolves around soju. Soju is a traditional Korean spirit that comes in many varieties, including original and many kinds of fruit-flavored soju.
Seoul has two unofficial backpacker districts, Jongno (Anguk/Sinseol-dong) to the northeast of the city and Hongdae-Sinchon out to the west. Within walking distance to Dongdaemun Market, Jongno is better located for sightseeing and can be reached directly from Incheon Airport on limousine buses or city bus 6002 to Sinseol-dong stop (₩9,000, 90 min).
There are many budget accommodation places across Seoul. Hongdae, Itaewon, Myeongdong and Jongno (Hanok area) are traditional hot spots for Foreign Individual Travelers (FIT). Furthermore, Gangnam is emerging thanks to the huge success of the eponymous song. Hongdae, Sinchon area is in university area. Yonsei Univ., Ehwa woman's Univ., Hongik Univ. and Sogang Univ. are around this area. so there are many restaurants, bar, club and shopping center and easy to be reached from Incheon Airport by limousine bus and Arex (Airport express train) in 1 hour.
Gangnam has a wide range of luxury with the Imperial Palace Hotel, the Park Hyatt Seoul and the Ritz-Carlton Seoul.
Most points of interest are along subway lines 1, 2, 3, and 4. So it's best to reside somewhere near a station on one or two of those lines.
Internet cafes known as PC bang (PC 방) (pr: pee-shee-bang) are ubiquitous in Seoul, and usually cost anywhere from ₩800–2,000/hr.
thumb|A Korean keyboard using a Korean OS can type in English or Hangul.
Most have printers at the front desk. These places cater chiefly to gamers, which translates into fairly fast computers, loud sound systems and large screens. Most PC Bangs have smoking sections. Typically, the computers run a Korean version of Windows 7 or 10 and use Internet Explorer and Chrome. That said, there is a variety of Wi-Fi networks available, and there is free access to the internet almost everywhere.
Console gaming (Xbox 360, PS3) is widely available, and for those with proficiency in Korean language, you might also be able to enjoy a round of online gaming; the fantasy MMORPG Lineage was created in Korea, and a slew of MMORPG titles not available anywhere else can be found here.
Post offices are basically everywhere in Seoul, although many are hidden on smaller roads and alleys. If you cannot spot any post office nearby, it is good idea to visit a university (most universities have post offices). The Korean postal insignia is orange and white. It can be spotted on post office signs. Most post offices sell boxes and packing materials. Even the smaller offices typically have at least one English-speaking member of staff.
Useful contact numbers are as follows:
Seoul is a remarkably safe city despite its size, comparable in safety to Hong Kong or Tokyo. Pickpocketing is not very common and violent crime is very rare. There are very few places where CCTV cameras are absent.
Smoking is allowed only in designated areas. Walking while smoking can incur a fine.
If you happen to be a non-Korean man walking hand-in-hand with a Korean woman, drunk older Korean men might give you a tongue lashing or occasionally worse. This is far less of a problem than it used to be.
If you do end up in a fight and the attacker gets hurt, the fact that you didn't start the fight may not give you legal protection.
Do not try to use drones to take pictures in Seoul, because most of the city (especially north of Han river) is a restricted flight area.
Unfortunately, crimes by American soldiers against Koreans do happen, and when they do they often receive a huge amount of national attention. If you are a Westerner then you should exercise some extra care when such a case hits the media, although it is still highly unlikely you would be in any danger.
thumb|250px|Protesters gathered in city hall plaza
Protesting: Large-scale demonstrations against the government happen from time to time. Often they can result in violence where there are pitched battles between protesters and combat police. People do get seriously hurt, so try to avoid getting too close to the action.
Fake monks have been known to operate in Seoul, notably around the Jogyesa temple. The…
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