File:OdontodactylusScyllarus2.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
OverviewAI-generated
Stomatopoda is an order of animals within the class Malacostraca and phylum Arthropoda. It belongs to the kingdom Animalia and is classified under the parent taxon Hoplocarida. The order was described by Latreille in 1816 and is currently accepted as a valid taxon. Commonly known as mantis shrimp, these organisms are also referred to by the common name Bidsprinkhaankreeften.
The group has existed for approximately 193 million years. Stomatopoda inhabit marine and brackish environments. Their primary means of locomotion is rolling. While specific geographic ranges are not detailed, records from the United States are held by institutions such as SDNHM. The taxon has an occurrence count of 94,973 and a record count of 2,427, with 595 associated media items.
Synthesized by Vinony from 31 facts across 6 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, Gbif Occ, WoRMS, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Species
mantis shrimp
Stomatopoda
ORDER
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumArthropoda
- ClassMalacostraca
- OrderStomatopoda
口足目（學名： Stomatopoda）是節肢動物門甲殼亞門軟甲綱掠蝦亞綱之下的一個目，其物種俗稱作蝦蛄。其大小可達30厘米（12英寸），亦有長達38厘米（15英寸）的。現時紀錄有最大的蝦蛄由美國佛羅里達州幾位漁民於匹爾斯堡附近海域釣得，長達46厘米（18英寸）。 蝦蛄的頭胸甲不太大，僅足以包裹至頭的後部及胸的頭四節。本目在全世界有超過400個物種，顏色從褐色到淺紅色不等，是熱帶和亞熱帶的底棲海床的重要掠食者。 俗名众多，包括：攋尿蝦（俗写作瀨尿蝦、賴尿蝦、撒尿蝦、酹尿蝦（粤语））、螳螂虾、虾爬子（或虾耙子）、虾狗弹、爬虾（或扒虾）、虾虎、蝦猴、口虾蛄、富贵虾、琵琶虾、皮皮虾等。在古時亞述人稱之為「海裡的蝗蟲」，澳洲人也稱之為「明蝦殺手」。 被抓時腹部會射出無色液體，如同撒尿，所以在廣東地區多被稱為瀨尿蝦（瀨尿意为撒尿或尿床）。頭胸部有一對像螳螂一樣的鐮刀狀的前腳，撞擊力甚大，足以令捕捉者感到刺痛。這亦是蝦蛄獵食的方法：利用其有力的前腳把獵物刺穿、震暈、甚至解體。蝦蛄前腳的撞擊力不但可打穿甲殼類動物的外殼，有更大的蝦蛄，更在被捕獲後曾一擊把困着牠的水族箱的玻璃擊穿逃逸。
via GBIF
~26 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Mantis shrimp are carnivorous marine crustaceans of the order Stomatopoda (from Ancient Greek στόμα (stóma) 'mouth' and πούς (poús) 'foot'). Stomatopods branched off from other members of the class Malacostraca around 400 million years ago, with more than 520 extant species of mantis shrimp known. All living species are in the suborder Unipeltata, which arose around 250 million years ago. They are among the most important predators in many shallow, tropical and subtropical marine habitats. Despite being common in their habitats, they are poorly understood, as many species spend most of their lives sheltering in burrows and holes.
Dubbed "sea locusts" by ancient Assyrians, "prawn killers" in Australia, and now sometimes referred to as "thumb splitters" due to their ability to inflict painful wounds if handled incautiously, mantis shrimp possess powerful raptorial appendages that are used to attack and kill prey either by spearing, stunning, or dismembering; the shape of these appendages are often used to classify them into groups: extant mantis shrimp either have appendages which form heavily mineralized "clubs" that can strike with great power, or they have sharp, grasping forelimbs used to swiftly seize prey (similar to those of mantises, hence their common name).
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Stomatopoda” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.