Struve Geodetic Arc
meridian arc from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea
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The Struve Geodetic Arc is a series of measurement points stretching from Hammerfest in Norway all the way to the Black Sea, created to accurately map Earth's shape and size. This 19th-century survey was historically important because it helped scientists understand the precise dimensions of our planet and has since been recognized as a significant scientific and cultural achievement.
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Tartu Old Observatory, the first point of the arc. Point Z, situated on Hogland, Russia. The commemorative plaque of the arc in Felshtyn, Ukraine The Geodetic Point in Rudi, Moldova The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over 2,820 kilometres (1,750 mi), which yielded the first accurate measurement of a meridian arc.
The chain was established and used by the German-born Russian scientist Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve in the years 1816 to 1855 to establish the exact size and shape of the earth. At that time, the chain passed merely through three countries: Norway, Sweden and the Russian Empire. The Arc's first point is located in Tartu Observatory in Estonia, where Struve conducted much of his research. Measurement of the triangulation chain comprises 258 main triangles and 265 geodetic vertices. The northernmost point is located near Hammerfest in Norway and the southernmost point near the Black Sea in Ukraine.
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Commons link is on WikidataGeodetic surveysGeographic coordinate listsLists of coordinatesStruve familyStruve Geodetic ArcTartuVäike-Maarja ParishWorld Heritage Sites in BelarusWorld Heritage Sites in EstoniaWorld Heritage Sites in FinlandWorld Heritage Sites in LatviaWorld Heritage Sites in Lithuania