
Also known as 12 Day War, Iran–Israel War, Israel–Iran War
The Twelve-Day War was an armed conflict between Iran and Israel which lasted from 13 to 24 June 2025. It began when Israel bombed military and nuclear facilities in Iran in a surprise attack, assassinating prominent military leaders, nuclear scientists, and politicians, killing civilians, and damaging or destroying air defenses. Iran retaliated with over 550 ballistic missiles and over 1,000 suicide drones, hitting civilian population centers, one hospital and at least twelve military, energy, and government sites. The United States intercepted Iranian attacks and bombed three Iranian nuclear sites on 22 June. Iran retaliated by firing missiles at a US base in Qatar. On 24 June, Israel and Iran agreed to a ceasefire under US pressure.
The Twelve-Day War (June 13-24, 2025) was a direct military conflict between Israel and Iran in which Israel launched surprise attacks on Iranian military and nuclear facilities, and Iran responded with hundreds of missiles and drones, drawing in the United States before a ceasefire was reached. The conflict matters because it represented the first large-scale direct military engagement between these two regional powers and risked broader escalation, though it was ultimately contained through international intervention.
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Belligerents
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