File:Viscum_album_2026_G1.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
OverviewAI-generated
*Viscum album*, commonly known as European mistletoe, is a species of plant in the family Santalaceae. It belongs to the genus *Viscum* and is classified within the order Santalales, class Magnoliopsida, and phylum Tracheophyta. The species produces berries and has been utilized as a medicinal plant. Its taxonomic range includes the Tibet Autonomous Region, while it has also been introduced to British Columbia, California, Ireland, and Japan.
The IUCN Red List assessed the species as Least Concern in 2014. Occurrence records are held by various institutions, including the University of Alberta Museums, CAS, RSA, MADUG-UG, and MICH. These records document the presence of *Viscum album* in countries such as Poland, the United States, Mexico, India, and Germany.
Synthesized by Vinony from 38 facts across 8 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, PubMed, Gbif Occ, IUCN Red List, Plants of the World, iDigBio, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Species
Least ConcernViscum album
SPECIES
- KingdomPlantae
- PhylumTracheophyta
- ClassMagnoliopsida
- OrderSantalales
- FamilyViscaceae
二名法 Viscum albumL. 槲寄生广义而言是指曾被归属为槲寄生科（Santalaceae）的植物之总称或通称。 但狭义的槲寄生通常是指学名为Viscum album的植物，已知共有六种亞种。原生于西亚、南亚和欧洲北部。它是一种半寄生植物，在欧洲神话、传说与习俗中有重大意义。在现代西方，槲寄生仍被用作圣诞节的装饰物与象征物。 目录 1 描述 2 分类 3 生活史 4 生态影响 5 毒性 6 文化 6.1 古希腊及罗马 6.2 凯尔特 6.3 斯堪的纳维亚（北欧） 6.4 基督教世界 6.5 《金枝》 7 图片 8 参考文献 9 外部連結 描述 槲寄生的整体树形 附生植物，行半寄生生活，不同变种所宿植物种类不同。常绿小灌木，树形在生长初期呈扇状，之后呈球状，直径可达150cm。多年生，寿命大约为27~30年[1]。典型生活史约4~5年。 叶对生，单叶，全缘，形状可为长椭圆形、倒卵形以至披针形，叶尖呈圆形或钝尖形，基部渐狭，基出叶脉显著，3~5条，叶柄短。黄绿色，约2~8cm长，0.8~2.5cm宽，叶的尺寸在植株个体间差异较大，与所寄生的树种亦有关系。叶的宿存时间自17个月到3年不等。[1][2][3][4][5] 寄生根的结构 茎、枝条均呈圆柱形，柔韧，因含有叶绿素且缺乏木栓层，整体呈绿色，可行光合作用，叉状分枝，通常为二歧或三歧，罕见有多歧情形。有明显膨大的节，茎易于此处断折，节间长度为1~9cm，每年仅长出一个茎节，且发芽后4~5年只产生新的中节而不分枝。但这段时期中节间距离会急速上升，之后新节间的距离会变小。[5][6] 根为寄生根，其内部寄生（Endophytic）系统可分为两部分。一部分为吸器（haustoria），沿被寄生植物枝条的径向生长，进入木质部并由其所包围，借以吸收宿主木质部内的液体，以获取水分及矿物质；另一部分则为韧皮束（cortical strand），在宿主茎条的薄壁组织或韧皮部内横向生长，以使植株整体横向扩张。[6][7]韧皮束通常亦含有叶绿素，典型长度为4~6cm[1][8]，有独自的木质部与韧皮部，但与宿主组织之间没有已知的连接。[9]根可由此形成次生吸器，并有产生不定枝而无性繁殖的可能。韧皮束的生长通常是以固定速率进行，但吸器生长速度与宿主的形成层生长有相关性[7]。通常，宿主植物为抵抗寄生，经常有过度生长和木栓化的痕迹出现。 宿主植物的防御痕迹 槲寄生为雌雄异花植物，花序顶生或腋生于茎叉状分支处。在相同条件下，雌花一般比雄花早开放一些。花序一般为二歧的聚繖花序，由两枚时常融合的苞片包裹；花通常小而色淡，无柄，呈黄绿色。雌雄花皆产花蜜，雌花产蜜较雄花多。[1][9][10] 雄花通常较大，萼片两轮四枚，外轮两枚通常为斜方形，内轮两枚则为楔形。每枚萼片含6~20个合生药窝，花药椭圆形，大小0.3~0.5mm。雌花也含四
via GBIF · IUCN · Kew POWO
Museum specimens
- Specimen records
- 1,558
- With media
- 1,014
- Family
- Viscaceae
- Collections
- UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA MUSEUMS, CAS, RSA, MADUG-UG, MICH, B
- Recorded in
- Poland, United States, Mexico, India, Germany, Japan
Research
978 papers- Viscum album (mistletoe) extract for dogs with cancer?ReviewFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Klingemann HDOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1285354
- Viscum album L. Therapy in Oncology: An Update on Current Evidence.ReviewComplementary medicine research · 2022Thronicke A, Schad F, Debus M et al.DOI: 10.1159/000524184
- The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Viscum album.ReviewPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Nicoletti MDOI: 10.3390/plants12071460
- Viscum album L., a Therapeutic Option for Neoplastic Diseases in Companion Animals? A Systematic Review.Complementary medicine research · 2022Biegel U, Mevissen M, Schuller S et al.DOI: 10.1159/000525035
- The Antioxidant Activity of Mistletoes (Viscum album and Other Species).ReviewPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Nicoletti MDOI: 10.3390/plants12142707
- The gene space of European mistletoe (Viscum album).The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2022Schröder L, Hohnjec N, Senkler M et al.DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15558
- Component Composition and Features of Biological Activity of Viscum album (Viscaceae).ReviewDoklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections · 2024Adzhiakhmetova SL, Chervonnaya NM, Pozdnyakov DI et al.DOI: 10.1134/S0012496624701072
- Phytochemical profile and therapeutic potential of Viscum album L.ReviewNatural product research · 2016Nazaruk J, Orlikowski PDOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1022776
via PubMed
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- taxon
- Parent taxon
- Viscum
- Image
- Viscum album 2026 G1.jpg
- Has use
- medicinal plant
Show 9 more facts
- taxon name
- Viscum album
- taxon rank
- species
- Commons category
- Viscum album
- Commons gallery
- Viscum album
- taxon common name
- arfueyu
- has fruit type
- berry
- short name
- V. album
- taxon range
- Tibet Autonomous Region
Sources (8)
via Wikidata · CC0
~12 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Viscum album growing on winter dormant trees in the Netherlands
Viscum album is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae, commonly called European mistletoe, common mistletoe, or simply mistletoe (Old English mistle). It is native to Europe, as well as western and southern Asia. V. album is found only rarely in North America, as an introduced species.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Viscum album” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.
Gallery (18)
Available in 59 languages
- Español
- Français
- Deutsch
- 中文
- 日本語
- Русский
- Português
- Italiano
- العربية
- Aragonese
- Armenian
- Asturian
- azb
- Azerbaijani
- Basque
- be_x_old
- Belarusian
- Bulgarian
Show 40 more
- Catalan
- Cebuano
- Corsican
- Czech
- Danish
- Egyptian Arabic
- Esperanto
- Estonian
- Finnish
- Galician
- Georgian
- Greek
- Hungarian
- Icelandic
- Kashubian
- Latvian
- Limburgish
- Lithuanian
- Lower Sorbian
- Macedonian
- Nederlands
- Northern Frisian
- Norwegian
- Norwegian Nynorsk
- Occitan
- Polski
- Romanian
- Serbian
- Serbian (Latin)
- Slovak
- Slovenian
- Tiếng Việt
- Türkçe
- Ukrainian
- Upper Sorbian
- Walloon
- Waray
- Western Frisian
- zh_yue
- فارسی
via Wikidata sitelinks · CC0