Allergology

An allergy is an exaggerated immune response where the body mistakenly identifies an ordinarily harmless allergen as a threat. Allergic reactions give rise to allergic diseases such as hay fever, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergies, and anaphylaxis. Symptoms of allergic diseases may include red eyes, an itchy rash, sneezing, coughing, a runny nose, shortness of breath, or swelling.

thumb|Colorized scanning electron microscope image of pollen grains from a variety of common plants: sunflower (Helianthus annuus), morning glory ([[Ipomoea purpurea), prairie hollyhock (Sidalcea malviflora), oriental lily (Lilium auratum), evening primrose (Oenothera fruticosa), and castor bean (Ricinus communis).]] thumb|Pollen tube diagram

Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and post-nasal drip.

inflammation in nose occurs when immune system overreacts to allergens in air

An allergen is an otherwise harmless substance that triggers an allergic reaction in sensitive individuals by stimulating an immune response.

Ragweeds are flowering plants in the genus Ambrosia in the aster family, Asteraceae. They are distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, especially North America, where the origin and center of diversity of the genus are in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Several species have been introduced to the Old World and some have naturalized and have become invasive species. In Europe, this spread is expected to continue, due to ongoing climate change.

Hypersensitivity (also called hypersensitivity reaction) is an immune response characterized by mechanisms that cause significant tissue damage or physiological dysfunction, whether directed against pathogens, harmless environmental antigens, or self-antigens that is reproducible upon re-exposure to the antigen. While hypersensitivity mechanisms can sometimes serve protective functions (such as control of infectious diseases), they are distinguished by their capacity to cause collateral tissue damage that may exceed any protective benefit. Collectively, hypersensitivities are extremely common:

species of plant

An idiosyncrasy is a unique feature of something. The term is often used to express peculiarity.

polymer

Cladosporium is a genus of fungi including some of the most common indoor and outdoor molds. Some species are endophytes or plant pathogens, while others parasitize fungi.

human disease

type of meat allergy, reaction to galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal)

medical treatment for environmental allergies

chronic conjunctivitis that is an inflammation of the conjunctiva

hypothesis in medicine that early childhood exposure to certain microorganisms (e.g. gut flora, helminths) protects against allergies

allergy diagnosis

is an organic compound with the chemical formula (C6H11N)2C. It is a waxy white solid with a sweet odor. Its primary use is to couple amino acids during artificial peptide synthesis. The low melting point of this material allows it to be melted for easy handling. It is highly soluble in dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile and dimethylformamide, but insoluble in water.

herbal preparation

human disease

medical condition

hypersensitivity reaction type I disease triggered by latex

method to reduce or eliminate an organism's negative reaction to a substance or stimulus via gradual exposure

allergic reaction in the mouth following eating food

An allergist is a physician specially trained to manage and treat allergies, asthma and the other allergic diseases. They may also be called immunologists.

human disease

species of plant

InterPro Family

Human disease

treatment of immune system diseases by deliberate infestation with helminths

medical condition

medical diagnostic method

mixture of the leukotrienes

procedure to identify foods that produce adverse effects

type of allergy cause by an insect bite or sting

Pseudoallergy, sometimes known as nonallergic hypersensitivity, is a type of hypersensitivity reaction mostly described in the context of drug allergy. The mechanism is somewhat similar to the type 1 hypersensitivity in the Gell and Coombs classification in that the effector cell is also mast cell. In pseudoallergic reaction, the mast cell is directly activated, rather than through the mediation of Immunoglobulin E (IgE). Therefore, it is also known as direct mast cell activation.

upward rubbing of the nose to relieve itching

Hypoallergenic, meaning "below average" or "slightly" allergenic, is a term meaning that something (usually cosmetics, pets, textiles, food, etc.) causes fewer allergic reactions. The term was first used in 1953 in an advertising campaign for cosmetics or perhaps as early as 1940. A 2017 study of the top-selling skin moisturizers from Amazon, Target, and Walmart found 83% of those marketed as "hypoallergenic" contained at least one potentially allergenic chemical.

pollen from acres of Cryptomeria japonica

type of allergy caused by cats

excessive reactions to mosquito bites

Betamethasone/dexchlorpheniramine (trade names Betadexin, Celabet, Celestamine, Ocuson) is a drug containing betamethasone and dexchlorpheniramine maleate to treat allergic conditions. Betamethasone is a steroid to relieve itches and inflammation while dexchlorpheniramine maleate is an antihistamine to treat urticaria.