Amino sugars

monosaccharide having one alcoholic hydroxy group (commonly but not necessarily in position 2) replaced by an amino group; systematically known as x-amino-x-deoxymonosaccharides. (Glycosylamines are excluded)

Acarbose (INN) is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and (in some countries), prediabetes. It is sold in Europe and China as Glucobay (Bayer AG), in North America as Precose (Bayer Pharmaceuticals), and in Canada as Prandase (Bayer AG).

chemical compound

chemical compound

chemical compound

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), also known as sialyl-LewisA, is a tetrasaccharide which is usually attached to O-glycans on the surface of cells. It is known to play a role in cell-to-cell recognition processes. It is also a tumor marker used primarily in the management of pancreatic cancer.

Phosphoribosylamine (PRA) is a biochemical intermediate in the formation of purine nucleotides via inosine-5-monophosphate, and hence is a building block for DNA and RNA. The vitamins thiamine and cobalamin also contain fragments derived from PRA. thumb|left|Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) It is the product of the enzyme amidophosphoribosyltransferase which attaches ammonia from glutamine to phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) at its anomeric carbon: + → + + PPi The biosynthesis pathway next combines PRA with glycine in a process driven by ATP giving glycineamide ribonucleotide (GAR). The

chemical compound

chemical compound (group of stereoisomers)

chemical compound

chemical compound

Voglibose (INN and USAN, trade name Voglib, marketed by Mascot Health Series) is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor used for lowering postprandial blood glucose levels in people with diabetes mellitus. Voglibose is a research product of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Japan's largest pharmaceutical company. Voglibose was discovered in 1981, and was first launched in Japan in 1994, under the trade name BASEN, to improve postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.

chemical compound

Validamycin is an antibiotic and fungicide produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. An inhibitor of trehalase, validamycin is used for the control of sheath blight of rice and damping-off of cucumbers.

thumb|200px|right|Glucosamine dissaccharide form of chitobiose thumb|200px|right|N,N'-diacetylglucosamine dimer form of chitobiose