Benzothiazoles

Pramipexole, sold under the brand Mirapex among others, is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. In Parkinson's disease it may be used alone or together with levodopa. It is taken by mouth. Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist of the non-ergoline class.

Riluzole is a medication used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other motor neuron diseases. Riluzole delays the onset of ventilator-dependence or tracheostomy in some people and may increase survival by two to three months. Riluzole is available in tablet and liquid form. A thin film version of riluzole which dissolves on the tongue (commercially known as Exservan or Emylif) is available in the United States and United Kingdom.

Benzothiazole, or more specifically 1,3-benzothiazole, is an aromatic heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula . It is colorless, slightly viscous liquid. Although the parent compound, benzothiazole is not widely used, many of its derivatives are found in commercial products or in nature. Firefly luciferin can be considered a derivative of benzothiazole. It has a sulfurous odor and meaty flavor.

chemical compound

chemical compound

Thioflavins are fluorescent dyes that are available as at least two compounds, namely Thioflavin T and Thioflavin S. Both are used for histology staining and biophysical studies of protein aggregation. In particular, these dyes have been used since 1959 to investigate amyloid formation. They are also used in biophysical studies of the electrophysiology of bacteria. Thioflavins are corrosive, irritant, and acutely toxic, causing serious eye damage. Thioflavin T has been used in research into Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Primuline is a dye containing the benzothiazole ring system. Primuline itself is also known as Direct yellow 59 or C.I. 49000.

chemical compound

chemical compound

Pifithrin-α (chemical name 2-(2-Imino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzothiazol-3-yl)-1-p-tolylethanone hydrobromide) is a chemical compound which acts as an inhibitor of the tumour-suppressing and epileptogenic protein p53. It has a molecular weight of 367.30 and is soluble in DMSO up to 20 mg/mL. Its melting point is 192.1-192.5 °C.

2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an organosulfur compound with the formula . A white solid, it is a reagent in organic synthesis and, notably, for the sulfur vulcanization of rubber.

chemical compound

Dimazole (or diamthazole) is an antifungal compound.

Ticlatone (trade name Landromil) is an antifungal.

Clentiazem is a calcium channel blocker.

Revospirone (Bay Vq 7813) is an azapirone drug which was patented as a veterinary tranquilizer but was never marketed. It acts as a selective 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist. Similarly to other azapirones such as buspirone, revospirone produces 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine (1-PP) as an active metabolite. As a result, it also acts as an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist to an extent.

Ethoxzolamide (alternatively known as ethoxyzolamide) is a sulfonamide medication that functions as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of glaucoma and duodenal ulcers, and as a diuretic. It may also be used in the treatment of some forms of epilepsy.

Zolantidine is a brain-penetrating selective histamine H2 receptor (HRH2) antagonist developed by Smith, Kline & French, with the research code of SK&F 95282. It is a benzothiazole derivative with a 30-fold higher potency for H2 receptors than other peripheral and central receptors.

Izonsteride (developmental code name LY-320,236) is a selective inhibitor of the 5α-reductase, with dual effects on both the type I and type II isoforms of the enzyme. It was under development by Eli Lilly and Company and Fujisawa for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia but was never marketed. Izonsteride may also be useful in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Ibodutant was a candidate drug for irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea, developed by The Menarini Group. , it underwent a multicentre double blind efficacy clinical study. Ibodutant selectively blocks the tachykinin receptor NK2, with blockade practically complete in nanomolar concentrations. A phase 2 trial in Europe (the IRIS-2 trial) completed in May 2012 with positive results. A 52-week phase 3 study was terminated as of 2015 because of low response and negative results of study NAK-06.