Former republics

Strasbourg ( , ; ; ) is a prefecture and commune in, and the largest city of the Grand Est region of northeastern France, in the historic region of Alsace. It is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin department and the official seat of the European Parliament.

Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech and , Česko-Slovensko) was a country in Central Europe created in 1918, as Czecho-Slovakia (until 1920), when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland became part of Nazi Germany. Between 1939 and 1945, the state ceased to exist, as Slovakia proclaimed its independence and Carpathian Ruthenia became part of Hungary, while the German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was proclaimed in the remainder of the Czech Lands. In 1939, after the outbreak of World War II, former Czechoslovak president Edvard Beneš f

Thuringia (; officially the Free State of Thuringia, ) is one of Germany's 16 states. With 2.1 million people, it is 12th-largest by population, and with 16,171 square kilometers, it is 11th-largest in area.

period of ancient Roman civilization (509 BC–27 BC)

Chiapas, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas, is one of the states that make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It comprises 124 municipalities and its capital and largest city is Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Other important population centers in Chiapas include Ocosingo, Tapachula, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Comitán, and Arriaga. Chiapas is the southernmost state in Mexico, and it borders the states of Oaxaca to the west, Veracruz to the northwest, and Tabasco to the north, and the Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango, and San Marcos departments of Guatemala to the east and southeast. Chiapas

historical multinational monarchist state in Eastern Europe (Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania)

canton of Switzerland

former state in in Southeast Asia

former state (697–1797) controlling, at various times, parts of northeastern Italy, the Balkans, and Mediterranean islands

nation of France from 1870 to 1940

predecessor state of the Netherlands (1581–1795)

Middle Eastern state between 1958 and 1961 in the present territories of Egypt and Syria

Ivrea (; ; ; ) is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy. Situated on the road leading to the Aosta Valley (part of the medieval Via Francigena), it straddles the Dora Baltea and is regarded as the capital of the Canavese area.

the Western sectors of Berlin between 1945 and 1990

Biafra ( ;), officially the Republic of Biafra, was a partially recognised state in West Africa that declared independence from Nigeria and existed from 1967 to 1970. Its territory consisted of the former Eastern Region of Nigeria, predominantly inhabited by the Igbo ethnic group, but with sizable chunks of the region belonging to the Ijaw, Efik, Ibibio and other minorities. Biafra was established on 30 May 1967 by Igbo military officer and Eastern Region governor Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu under his presidency, following a series of ethnic tensions and military coups after Nigerian independe

republic governing France, 1792–1804

country in East Africa from 1961 to 1964

historical country of the 12th–15th centuries in modern-day Russia

1943–1945 German puppet state in northern Italy

government in exile of Chechnya since 2000. Based in London

republic of the Netherlands in Western Europe between 1795–1806

government of France between 1848-1852

Toul () is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.

thumb|Aerial view Rottweil (; Alemannic: Rautweil) is a town in southwest Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Rottweil was a free imperial city for nearly 600 years.

government of France between 1946 and 1958

independent Boer sovereign republic in Southern Africa between 1854–1902

Sep 1917 – Oct 1917 short-lived republic in Eurasia

city-state on the Appenine Peninsula between 1115–1532/69

former maritime republic in southeast Europe (1358–1808)

semi-autonomous city-state that existed between 1920 and 1939

independent Boer-ruled country in Southern Africa between 1856–1902

former Swiss polity under Napoleonic domination

Armenian state existing from 1918–1920

Turckheim (; Alsatian: Tercka; ) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It lies west of Colmar, on the eastern slopes of the Vosges mountains.

Jämtland () is a historical province () in the centre of Sweden in northern Europe. It borders Härjedalen and Medelpad to the south, Ångermanland to the east, Lapland to the north and Trøndelag and Norway to the west. Jämtland covers an area of 34,009 square kilometres, 8.3% of Sweden's total area and is the second largest province in Sweden. It has a population of 115,331, the majority of whom live in , the area surrounding lake Storsjön. Östersund is Jämtland's only city and is the 24th most populous city in Sweden. The historical province is one of the least densely populated.

1940–1944 government-in-exile led by Charles de Gaulle during WWII

republic in Central/Eastern Europe between 1960 and 1990

short-lived South Caucasian state (1918)

Dithmarschen (, ; archaic English: Ditmarsh; ; ) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, and Steinburg, by the state of Lower Saxony (district of Stade, from which it is separated by the Elbe river), and by the North Sea.

former country (1958–1984) in West Africa

largest island in the nation of Vanuatu

2004–2021 government of Afghanistan

short lived Belarusian Republic from 1918 - 1919

republic created to resist Japanese occupation

de facto independent state centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa from the late 10th to 15th centuries

political regime that existed in Spain between 11 February 1873 and 29 December 1874

former country in Europe

municipality in Germany

sovereign state in Europe (1919–1934)

French client republic in Northern Italy (1797-1802)

former autonomous soviet socialist republic of a union republic of the Soviet Union

former country (1918–1919)

Transkei ( , meaning the area beyond [[Great Kei River|[the river] Kei]]), officially the Republic of Transkei (), was an unrecognised state in the southeastern region of South Africa from 1976 to 1994. It was, along with Ciskei, a Bantustan for the Xhosa people, and operated as a nominally independent parliamentary democracy. Its capital was Umtata (renamed Mthatha in 2004).

1918–1938 republic in Central/Eastern Europe

Potchefstroom ( ; ), known colloquially as Potch, is an academic city in the North West Province of South Africa. It hosts the Potchefstroom Campus of North-West University. Potchefstroom is situated on the Mooi River (Afrikaans for "pretty river"), approximately west-southwest of Johannesburg and east-northeast of Klerksdorp.

former country

former country located in the Adriatic Sea, off the coast of Italy

republic at Italy between 1798–1799

historiographical concept of Greece (1822–1833)

Bophuthatswana (, ), officially the Republic of Bophuthatswana (; ), colloquially referred to as the Bop and by outsiders as Jigsawland (In reference to its enclave-ridden borders) was a Bantustan (also known as "Homeland", an area set aside for members of a specific ethnicity) that was declared (nominally) independent by the apartheid regime of South Africa in 1977. However, like the other Bantustans of Ciskei, Transkei and Venda, its independence was not recognized by any country other than South Africa.