Magnetism

thumb|upright=1.5|A magnetite rock is being pulled by a [[neodymium magnet on top.]]

spatial distribution of vectors allowing the calculation of the magnetic force on a test particle

thumb|300px|The shape of a bar magnet's [[magnetic field is revealed by the orientation of iron filings sprinkled on the table around it.]]

surface integral of the magnetic flux density

thumb|Pyrolytic carbon has one of the largest diamagnetic constants of any room temperature material. Here a pyrolytic carbon sheet is levitated by its repulsion from the strong magnetic field of [[neodymium magnets]]

product of the electric current through a loop, the area enclosed by the loop and the unit vector perpendicular to the loop

thumb|Liquid oxygen (blue) can be suspended between the poles of a strong magnet as a result of its paramagnetism.

hypothetical particle with one magnetic pole

measure of how much a material will become magnetized in an applied magnetic field

method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields

technique to study materials with unpaired electrons

a quantity representing the sum of magnetizing forces along a circuit

thumb|upright=1.3|Ferrofluid on glass, with a neodymium magnet underneath thumb|Steve Papell invented ferrofluid for NASA in 1963

pseudoscientific alternative medicine practice

foundational law of classical magnetism

physical constant of magnetic moment

thumb|upright=1.35|Experiments on European robins, which are migratory, suggest their magnetic sense makes use of the quantum [[radical pair mechanism. ]]

a magnetic dipole is the limit of either a closed loop of electric current

cooling technology based on the magnetocaloric effect

temperature of a physical system with a bounded phase space that is hotter than one at infinite temperature (𝛽=0)

critical temperature of an antiferromagnet

vector field whose curl is the magnetic flux density

relativistic interaction of a particle's spin with its motion inside a potential

Magnetochemistry is concerned with the magnetic properties of chemical compounds and elements. Magnetic properties arise from the spin and orbital angular momentum of the electrons contained in a compound. Compounds are diamagnetic when they contain no unpaired electrons. Molecular compounds that contain one or more unpaired electrons are paramagnetic. The magnitude of the paramagnetism is expressed as an effective magnetic moment, μeff. For first-row transition metals the magnitude of μeff is, to a first approximation, a simple function of the number of unpaired electrons, the spin-only formu

aspect of history

searching outdoor waters for ferromagnetic objects using a magnet tied to a rope

process of separating components of mixtures by using magnets

The ampere-turn (symbol A⋅t) is the MKS (metre–kilogram–second) unit of magnetomotive force (MMF), represented by a direct current of one ampere flowing in a single-turn loop. Turns refers to the winding number of an electrical conductor composing an electromagnetic coil. For example, a current of flowing through a coil of 10 turns produces an MMF of . The corresponding physical quantity is , the product of the number of turns, , and the current, ; it has been used in industry, specifically, US-based coil-making industries.

physical phenomenon in which a change in the magnetic moment of a free body causes this body to rotate

surface which separates the heliosphere into positively and negatively charged components

unit of magnetomotive force

magnetization of an uncharged body when spun on its axis

quantum mechanical magnetic effect

energy carried by a magnetic field

scalar potential whose negative gradient is the magnetic field strength

intrinsic magnetic dipole moment of neutrons

synthesized magnetic particle of diameter under 100 nanometers with biomedical applications

mathematical function, used to describe magnetization

process of generating a magnetic field by means of an electric current

People claimed to have ability to attract metallic and non-metallic things to their body.

Multiferroics are defined as materials that exhibit more than one of the primary ferroic properties in the same phase: ferromagnetism – a magnetisation that is switchable by an applied magnetic field ferroelectricity – an electric polarisation that is switchable by an applied electric field ferroelasticity – a deformation that is switchable by an applied stress While ferroelectric, ferroelastics, and ferromagnetics are formally multiferroics, these days the term is usually used to describe the magnetoelectric multiferroics that are simultaneously ferromagnetic and ferroelectric. Sometimes

magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus

type of superconductivity

reduction in the polarisation of light caused by a magnetic field, named after Wilhelm Hanle

chemical compound

excitation of a quantum system via magnetism

magnetotransport phenomenon occurring in metals in an intense magnetic field

Biomagnetism is the phenomenon of magnetic fields produced by living organisms; it is a subset of bioelectromagnetism. In contrast, organisms' use of magnetism in navigation is magnetoception and the study of the magnetic fields' effects on organisms is magnetobiology. (The word biomagnetism has also been used loosely to include magnetobiology, further encompassing almost any combination of the words magnetism, cosmology, and biology, such as "magnetoastrobiology".)

an ansatz method for finding the exact solutions of certain one-dimensional quantum many-body models

materials with electrical properties that cannot be explained by non-interacting entities

In magnetism, a nanomagnet is a nanoscopic scale system that presents spontaneous magnetic order (magnetization) at zero applied magnetic field (remanence).

magnetic phenomenon

In chemistry, a diradical is a molecular species with two electrons occupying molecular orbitals (MOs) which are degenerate. The term "diradical" is mainly used to describe organic compounds, where most diradicals are extremely reactive and non-Kekulé molecules that are rarely isolated. Diradicals are even-electron molecules but have one fewer bond than the number permitted by the octet rule.

Potential energy of a magnetised body in an external magnetic field

physical phenomenon

Effects and reasons of magnetic force, applied by one magnet to another. The main focus being the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction.