magnetochemistry
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Magnetochemistry is concerned with the magnetic properties of chemical compounds and elements. Magnetic properties arise from the spin and orbital angular momentum of the electrons contained in a compound. Compounds are diamagnetic when they contain no unpaired electrons. Molecular compounds that contain one or more unpaired electrons are paramagnetic. The magnitude of the paramagnetism is expressed as an effective magnetic moment, μeff. For first-row transition metals the magnitude of μeff is, to a first approximation, a simple function of the number of unpaired electrons, the spin-only formu
~21 min read
Article
20 sectionsContents
- Magnetic susceptibility
- Types of magnetic behaviour
- Diamagnetism
- Paramagnetism
- Mechanism and temperature dependence
- Effective magnetic moment
- Temperature independent paramagnetism
- Exchange interactions
- Complexes of transition metal ions
- Spin-only formula
- Low-spin complexes
- Spin cross-over
- 2nd and 3rd row transition metals
- Lanthanides and actinides
- Main group elements and organic compounds
- Applications
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
Magnetochemistry is concerned with the magnetic properties of chemical compounds and elements. Magnetic properties arise from the spin and orbital angular momentum of the electrons contained in a compound. Compounds are diamagnetic when they contain no unpaired electrons. Molecular compounds that contain one or more unpaired electrons are paramagnetic. The magnitude of the paramagnetism is expressed as an effective magnetic moment, μeff. For first-row transition metals the magnitude of μeff is, to a first approximation, a simple function of the number of unpaired electrons, the spin-only formula. In general, spin–orbit coupling causes μeff to deviate from the spin-only formula. For the heavier transition metals, lanthanides and actinides, spin–orbit coupling cannot be ignored. Exchange interaction can occur in clusters and infinite lattices, resulting in ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism depending on the relative orientations of the individual spins.
==Magnetic susceptibility==