Tribes of Arabia

Arabs () are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Before the spread of Arabic language in the wake of the Arab conquests, "Arab" largely referred to the Semitic inhabitants—both settled and nomadic—of the Arabian Peninsula and the Syrian Desert. In modern usage, it includes people from across the Greater Middle East that share Arabic as a native language.

thumb|387x387px|Map of the Arabian Peninsula in 600 AD, showing the various Arab tribes and their areas of settlement. The Lakhmids (yellow) formed an Arab monarchy as clients of the [[Sasanian Empire, while the Ghassanids (red) formed an Arab monarchy as clients of the Roman Empire A map published by the British academic Harold Dixon during World War I, showing the presence of the Arab tribes in West Asia, 1914]] The Quraysh () are an Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise of Islam. Their members were divided into ten main clans, most notably the Banu Hashim, into which Islam's found

thumb|alt=Bedouins in Sinai, 1967|Bedouins in the Sinai Peninsula|Sinai Region, 1967

89th chapter of the Qur'an

Ash-Shu‘ara’ (, ; The Poets) is the 26th chapter (sūrah) of the Qurʾan with 227 verses (āyāt). Many of these verses are very short. The chapter is named from the word Ash-Shu'ara in ayat 224. It is also the longest Meccan surah according to the number of verses.

Al-Ḥāqqah () is the 69th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 52 verses (āyāt). There are several English names under which the surah is known. These include “The Inevitable Hour”, “The Indubitable”, “The Inevitable Truth”, and “The Reality”. These titles are derived from alternate translations of al-Ḥāqqa, the word that appears in the first three ayat of the sura, each alluding to the main theme of the sura – the Day of Judgment.

The Nabataeans, also spelled Nabateans (; Nabataean Aramaic / , vocalized: ; ), were an ancient Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the southern Levant. Their settlements—most prominently the assumed capital city of Raqmu (present-day Petra, Jordan)—gave the name Nabatene () to the Arabian borderland that stretched from the Euphrates to the Red Sea. The Nabateans emerged as a distinct civilization and political entity between the 4th and 2nd centuries BC, with their kingdom centered around a loosely controlled trading network that brought considerable wealth and influence across the

The Ghassanids, also known as the Jafnids, were an Arab Christian tribal confederation that migrated from South Arabia to the Levant in the 3rd century AD. There, they became clients of the Roman Empire, serving as foederati responsible for defending the eastern frontier of the empire against Bedouin raids and rival powers.

Sheba, or Saba, was an ancient South Arabian kingdom that existed in Yemen before 275 CE. It likely began to exist between c. 1000 BCE and c. 800 BCE. Its inhabitants were the Sabaeans, who, as a people, were indissociable from the kingdom itself for much of the 1st millennium BCE. Modern historians agree that the heartland of the Sabaean civilization was located in the region around Marib and Sirwah. In some periods, they expanded to much of modern Yemen and even parts of the Horn of Africa, particularly Eritrea and Ethiopia. The kingdom's native language was Sabaic, which was a variety of Ol

ancient Arab monarchy

thumb|upright=1.2|Map of the tribes of Western Sahara

clan of the Quraysh tribe

'''Ma'in''' (; ) was an ancient South Arabian kingdom in modern-day Yemen. It was located along the strip of desert called Ṣayhad by medieval Arab geographers, which is now known as Ramlat al-Sab'atayn. Wadd was the national god of Ma'in. The spoken language was Minaic. The kingdom appears in the historical record in the 8th century BCE, and transition from a city-state to kingdom in the last quarter of the 7th century BCE. The date of the end of Ma'in is heavily disputed, but the most popular hypothesis places its demise in the 1st century CE.

ʿĀd (, '''') was an ancient tribe in pre-Islamic Arabia. The banū ʿĀd (people of ʿĀd) are best known for being mentioned two dozen times in the Quran, often in conjunction with Thamud. In 2025 it was shown that 'Ad was a tribe that existed two millennia ago in the Wadi Rum region of the southern Jordan.

thumb|Illustration from Phillip Medhurst Collection depicting Joshua fighting Amalek (Exodus 17).|alt=|upright=1.3 Amalek (; ) was a nation described in the Hebrew Bible as a staunch enemy of the Israelites. The name "Amalek" can refer to the nation's founder, a grandson of Esau; his descendants, the Amalekites; or the territories of Amalek, which they inhabited.

A huge Arab tribe

tribe in Medina, Hejaz Of Saudi Arabia

one of the main Arab tribes of Medina Of Saudi Arabia

The Ishmaelites (; ) were a collection of various Arab tribes, tribal confederations and small kingdoms described in Abrahamic tradition as being descended from and named after Ishmael.

commander of the Meccans (born c. 515)

clans originating in Arabian peninsula

The Qahtanites (; ), also known as Banu Qahtan () or by their nickname al-Arab al-Ariba (), are the Arabs who originate from modern-day Hadhramaut, Yemen. The term "Qahtan" is mentioned in multiple Ancient South Arabian inscriptions found in Yemen. Some Arab traditions believe that the Qahtanites are the original Arabs.

The Adnanites () were a tribal confederation of the Ishmaelite Arabs who originate from the Hejaz. They trace their lineage back to Ishmael, son of the Islamic prophet and patriarch Abraham and his wife Hagar, through Adnan. The Islamic prophet Muhammad belonged to the Quraysh tribe of the 'Adnanites'.

Arab tribe

one of the tribes of Saudi Arabia

Royal family

Qays ʿAylān (), often referred to simply as Qays (Kais or Ḳays) were an Arab tribal confederation that branched from the Mudar group. The tribe may not have functioned as a unit in pre-Islamic Arabia (before 630). However, by the early Umayyad Caliphate (661-750), its constituent tribes consolidated into one of the main tribal political factions of the caliphate.

sub-tribe of the Quraysh Tribe

Kinana () is an Arab tribe based around Mecca in the Tihama coastal area and the Hejaz mountains. The Quraysh of Mecca, the tribe of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, was an offshoot of the Kinana. A number of modern-day tribes throughout the Arab world trace their lineage to the tribe.

The Banu Taghlib (), also known as '''Taghlib ibn Wa'il''', were an Arab tribe that originated in Nejd some time during the late 3rd century. An Adnanite tribe, they hailed from the Rabi'a, and settled with their kinsmen Banu Bakr in al-Jazira around the late 6th century.

Arab tribe

thumb|303x303px|Map of the Arabian Peninsula in 600 AD, showing the various Arab tribes and their areas of settlement. The Lakhmids (yellow) formed an Arab monarchy as clients of the [[Sasanian Empire, while the Ghassanids (red) formed an Arab monarchy as clients of the Roman Empire A map published by the British academic Harold Dixon during World War I, showing the presence of the Arab tribes in West Asia, 1914]] The Ghaṭafān () were an Arab tribal confederation originally based northeast of Medina. The main branches of the Ghatafan were the tribes of Banu Abs, Banu Dhubyan and Ashja'. They w

Bariq (also transliterated as Barik or Bareq, ) is a tribe from Bareq in south-west Saudi Arabia. It belongs to the ancient Al-Azd tribe which has many clans linked to it. As far as ancestry goes, Aws, Khazraj, Ghassān and Banu Khuza'a, and others all belong to Al-Azd. They were one of the tribes of Arabia during Muhammad's era.

Anizah or Anazah (, Najdi pronunciation: ) is an Arabian tribe in the Arabian Peninsula, Upper Mesopotamia, and the Levant.

The tribe of Shammar () is a tribal Arab Qahtanite confederation, descended from the Tayy, which migrated into the northern Arabian Peninsula from Yemen in the second century. It is the largest branch of the Tayy, and one of the largest and most influential Arab tribes. The historical and traditional seat of the tribe's leadership is in the city of Ḥaʼil; where most of the people of the tribe of Shammar are found, in what was the Emirate of Jabal Shammar in what is now Saudi Arabia. In its "golden age", around the 1850s, the Shammar ruled much of central and northern Arabia from Riyadh to the

Arab tribe, holders of the keys to the Kaaba

arabian tribe belonging to the Rabi'ah branch

tribal confederation in the United Arab Emirates

thumb|right|Family tree from Adnan to [[Muhammad]]

arabian tribe

Mudar (Arabic: مُضَر) was one of the principal tribal confederations of northern and central Arabia in late antiquity and the early Islamic period. Mudar rose to power over the Hejaz in the fifth century, after supplanting its predecessor, the Banu Ghassan, who migrated to Syria. The chief tribes over Mudar may have been the Salihids early on, and then Banu Tha'labah, and finally in the early sixth century, Banu Ghassan.

patriarch of one branch of the North Arabian tribes

Arab tribe

Wikimedia list article

The Hawazin ( / ALA-LC: Hawāzin) were an Arab tribe originally based in the western Najd and around Ta'if in the Hejaz. They formed part of the larger Qays tribal group. The Hawazin consisted of the subtribes of Banu Sa'd, and Banu Jusham, as well as the powerful Banu Thaqif and Banu Amir, which were both often counted separately from the Hawazin.

arab tribe

Adnanite Arab tribe

The Tayy (/ALA-LC: Ṭayyi’; Musnad: 𐩷𐩺), also known as Ṭayyi, Tayyaye, or Taiyaye, are a large and ancient Arab tribe, among whose descendants today are the tribes of Bani Sakher and Shammar. The nisba (patronymic) of Tayy is aṭ-Ṭāʾī (). In the second century CE, they migrated to the northern Arabian ranges of the Shammar and Salma Mountains, which then collectively became known as the Jabal Tayy, and later Jabal Shammar. The latter continues to be the traditional homeland of the tribe until the present day. They later established relations with the Sasanian and Byzantine empires.

ancient Arab tribe

Islamic Caliphate in Iraq

An Arab Najdi emirate that existed between Egypt and Sudan between (943-1365)

thumb|300x300px|Map of the Arabian Peninsula in 600 AD, showing the various Arab tribes and their areas of settlement. The Lakhmids (yellow) formed an Arab monarchy as clients of the [[Sasanian Empire, while the Ghassanids (red) formed an Arab monarchy as clients of the Roman Empire.]]

The Huwaytat ( al-Ḥuwayṭāt, Northwest Arabian dialect: ál-Ḥwēṭāt) are a large Hashemite Ashraf tribe descending from Husayn ibn Ali that inhabits areas of present-day southern Jordan, the Sinai Peninsula and Sharqia governate in Egypt, the Negev in Israel, and northwestern Saudi Arabia. The Huwaytat have several branches, notably the Ibn Jazi, the Abu Tayi, the Anjaddat, and the Sulaymanniyin, in addition to a number of associated tribes.

Mutayr () is an Arab Bedouin Sunni Muslim tribe with origins in the northern Hejaz near Medina, A large Arab tribe in the middle of the Arabian Peninsula, whose homes extend from the Hijaz to Najd and then to southern Iraq and Kuwait. The tribe also had a historical presence in the desert regions of southern Iraq, being a notable Sunni Arab tribe in the Shia-majority south although some branches migrated north to West Iraq. The settlement of Tall Mutayr in Nineveh is named after the tribe.

Jurhum (; also Banu Jurhum or The Children of Jurhum) historically referred to as the Goramenoi () in the 5th century, was a tribe of Arabia associated with Mecca. Muslim texts state that they were succeeded by Qusayy ibn Kilab, the leader of the Quraysh.

Soqotrans are a South Arabian ethnographic group native to the Yemeni island of Socotra. They speak the Soqotri language, a Modern South Arabian language in the Afroasiatic family.

ancient Arab tribe

arabian Tribe

Shahran () is one of the largest tribes in the 'Asir and Jizan region of Saudi Arabia. Shahrani lands are bordered by Subay' and Al-Shalaowah () to the north, 'Abida and Rofaidah to the east (), Al Njou’ to the South (), and Banou Sha’ba, Mogaidah, Banou Melk, Bal’smar, Banou Sheher, Balgern and Shamran to the west. (). The noticed density to the west of Shahrani lands is due to the presence of the large city of Abha () in that direction. Through history, tribal wars have been waged between the two neighbors, especially between Shahran and the other major tribe of the area, Qahtan (). Such war

Arabic tribal group