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Acanthaceae

File:Acanthus_mollis_spike_pair_Erice.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Acanthaceae

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Also known as Acanthus family

Acanthaceae () is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.

OverviewAI-generated

Acanthaceae is a family of plants within the order Lamiales, class Magnoliopsida, and phylum Tracheophyta. The taxon has an accepted status and includes the type species Acanthus. Its fruit type is a capsule. While primarily terrestrial, records indicate habitats that are marine, brackish, or freshwater, with the black mangrove listed as a common name.

The family has been the subject of 2,708 PubMed publications. Occurrence data totals 1,144,738 records, while iDigBio holds 10,117 records and 6,447 media items. These iDigBio records are associated with institutions in Mexico, including CICY, INECOL, FESI-UNAM, FC-UNAM, and IBUNAM. The taxon is referenced by 1,232 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 40 facts across 8 sources: Wikidata, GBIF, PubMed, Gbif Occ, Plants of the World, iDigBio, WoRMS, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Species

black mangrove

Acanthaceae

FAMILY

  1. KingdomPlantae
  2. PhylumTracheophyta
  3. ClassMagnoliopsida
  4. OrderLamiales
  5. FamilyAcanthaceae
Habitatmarine, brackish, freshwater
Observations recorded1,144,738

模式屬 AcanthusL. 亞科 Acanthoideae Avicennioideae Nelsonioideae Thunbergioideae[1] 爵床科是双子叶植物纲中一个大科，大约包括250個属，2500餘种植物。爵床科的模式屬為老鼠簕屬（Acanthus）。 爵床科植物大部分生长在热带地区，主要是草本、灌木，也有一些藤本或多刺植物，只有少数种类可以生长在温带地区，分布最广的地区为南亚、中南半岛、非洲、巴西和中美洲，在各种生境中都有分布，例如密林中、开阔森林中、灌木丛中、湿地中、峡谷中、沼泽中、海岸边、沿海红树林中等都能找到它们的踪迹。 爵床科植物一般为单叶对生，叶中一般含有钙质钟乳体，所以看起来叶表面都有条纹。花是完整的，但花为两侧对称或辐射对称的，一般为总状花序或伞状花序，尤其是有典型的带颜色的苞片，有的品种苞片相当大和鲜艳。花萼4裂或5裂，管状花冠5裂或2裂，雄蕊成对，子房两室，一般朔果有两个种子，容易爆裂。大部分种类种子有一个种钩，用于从朔果中弹出。种子没有胚乳，具大胚芽。 温带最常见的是生长在欧洲南部的虾蟆花（也叫莨力花、叶蓟），高达2米，大叶。 海榄雌属（Avicennia）有时放到马鞭草科或自成海欖雌科，但根据分子生物学APG的分类体系，将其分入本科。 目录 1 属 2 图片 3 参考文献 4 外部链接 属 据美国种质资源信息网络（Germplasm Resources Information Network，簡稱GRIN）的分类，該科共有246属： 刺林草属 Acanthopale C. B. Clarke Acanthopsis Harv. Acanthostelma Bidgood & Brummitt Acanthura Lindau 老鼠簕属 Acanthus L. Achyrocalyx Benoist 鸭咀花属 Adhatoda Mill. Afrofittonia Lindau Ambongia Benoist Ancistranthus Lindau Ancistrostylis T. Yamaz. 穿心莲属 Andrographis Wall. ex Nees Angkalanthus Balf. f. Anisacanthus Nees Anisosepalum E. Hossain Anisostachya Nees Anisotes Nees Anomacanthus R. D. Good Apassalus Kobuski Aphanosperma T. F. Daniel 担药花属 Aphelandra R. Br. Aphelandrella Mildbr. Ascotheca Heine 十万错属 Asystasia Blume 白接骨属 Asystasiella Lindau Ballo

via GBIF · Kew POWO

Museum specimens

Specimen records
10,117
With media
6,447
Family
Acanthaceae
Collections
CICY, INECOL, FESI-UNAM, FC-UNAM, IBUNAM, IEA-UAT
Recorded in
Mexico
iDigBio →

Research

2,708 papers

via PubMed

~7 min read

Encyclopedic overview

10 sections
Contents
  • Description
  • Medicinal uses
  • Phytochemistry
  • Overview of systematics
  • Dating the Acanthaceae lineage
  • Genera
  • Excluded genera
  • Gallery
  • References
  • External links

Acanthaceae () is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.

==Description== Plants in this family have simple, opposite, decussated leaves with entire (or sometimes toothed, lobed, or spiny) margins, and without stipules. The leaves may contain cystoliths, calcium carbonate concretions, seen as streaks on the surface.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Acanthaceae” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

Gallery (37)

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