鈹

Also known as Be, element 4, glucineum, ₄Be

原子序為4的化學元素

OverviewAI-generated

Beryllium is a chemical element with the symbol Be and atomic number 4. Its standard chemical formula is Be. The element has an atomic mass of 9.0121831 and an electronegativity of 2. Its electron configuration is listed as 1s² 2s² or [He] 2s². The ionic radius is 0.45.

Beryllium has a density of 1.850 and electrical conductivity of 25000000. It melts at 2349 and boils at 4532. The vapor pressure is 0. The primary oxidation state is 2. It was discovered in 1798. The Unicode character for the element is 鈹.

Safety guidelines include a time-weighted average exposure limit of 0.002 and a ceiling exposure limit of 0.0005. The level immediately dangerous to life or health is 4. The NIOSH Pocket Guide ID is 0054. In chemical databases, it is identified by PubChem CID 5460467 and InChIKey ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

Synthesized by Vinony from 34 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, PubChem, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Be
Molecular weight: 9.012183 g/mol
IUPAC name: beryllium
SMILES: [Be]
InChIKey: ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

5,133 papers

Chronic Beryllium Disease: Update on a Moving Target.Chest · 2020
Beryllium carcinogenesis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 1977
Beryllium exposure: dermal and immunological considerations.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2006
Beryllium revisited.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 1997
Beryllium metal II. a review of the available toxicity data.The Annals of occupational hygiene · 2011

via PubMed

Wikidata facts

Instance of: lithophile
Subclass of: metal
Part of: period 2
Named after: beryl
Material used: beryl
Mass: 9.0121831
Image: Beryllium nuggets 2.jpg

Show 27 more facts

Commons category: Beryllium
element symbol: Be
melting point: 2349
oxidation state: 2
atomic number: 4
discoverer or inventor: Antoine Bussy
topic's main category: Category:Beryllium
NIOSH Pocket Guide ID: 0054
density: 1.850
has effect: berylliosis
immediately dangerous to life or health: 4
Commons gallery: Beryllium
boiling point: 2970
vapor pressure: 0
time-weighted average exposure limit: 0.002
ceiling exposure limit: 0.0005
time of discovery or invention: 1798-00-00
electronegativity: 2
location of discovery: France
chemical formula: Be
canonical SMILES: [Be]
electrical conductivity: 25000000
Unicode character: 鈹
electron configuration: [He] 2s²
different from: Beryl
ionic radius: 0.45
on focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4

Sources (11)

via Wikidata · CC0

Article · 中文

鈹（拼音：pí，注音：ㄆ丨ˊ；英語：Beryllium；舊譯鋍、鑉、鋊），是一種化學元素，化學符號为Be，原子序數为4，原子量為9.0121831 u，屬於鹼土金屬。鈹通常在宇宙射线散裂過程中產生，是宇宙中較為稀有的元素之一。所有自然界中的鈹都與其他元素結合，形成礦物，如綠柱石（海藍寶石、祖母綠）和金綠寶石等。單質鈹呈鋼灰色，輕、硬而易碎。在鋁、銅、鐵和鎳中加入鈹作為合金材料，可以加強其物理性質。用合金製成的工具十分堅硬，在敲擊鋼鐵表面時也不會產生火花。由於鈹的抗彎剛度、熱穩定性、熱導率都很高，密度卻很低（只有水的1.85倍），所以適合做航空航天材料，用於導彈、航天器和人造衛星之中。X射線等電離輻射能夠穿透低密度和低原子量的鈹，所以在X光儀器和粒子物理學實驗中都常用鈹作為窗口材料。鈹和氧化鈹可以很好地傳導熱量，因此被用於控制器械的溫度。在處理鈹的時候，必須使用適當的措施控制粉塵，因為吸入含鈹粉塵會引致可致命的慢性过敏性铍中毒。

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA