File:Left_femur_of_extinct_elephant,_Alaska,_Ice_Age_Wellcome_L0057714.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ265868· pop 184· linked from 2,618 articles

bone

Also known as bones, bone organ, bone and bones

A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals. Bones protect the organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, help regulate acid-base homeostasis, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility and hearing. Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have complex internal and external structures.

OverviewAI-generated

Bone is a subject categorized under "Bones" on Commons, with a corresponding gallery of the same name. It is represented by the Unicode character 🦴. The concept is defined by equivalent classes in DBpedia and Schema.org ontologies. It is also matched exactly by an identifier in the ENVO ontology.

The subject is referenced by 2,618 other encyclopedia articles. It has a Mohs' hardness of 5. A PubMed query for "bone" returns a count of 1,640,389. Additional identifiers include an NCI Thesaurus ID of C12366 and a WordLift URL. The subject is also described at a specific URL on neal.fun.

Synthesized by Vinony from 12 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Key facts

Anatomy.Name: Bone
Anatomy.Latin: os, ossis
Anatomy.Greek: ὀστέον (ostéon)
Anatomy.Image: Left femur of extinct elephant, Alaska, Ice Age Wellcome L0057714.jpg
Anatomy.Caption: A bone dating from the Pleistocene Ice Age of an extinct species of an elephant, possibly a mammoth
Anatomy.Image2: Bertazzo S - SEM deproteined bone - wistar rat - x10k.tif
Anatomy.Caption2: A scanning electronic micrograph of a Wistar rat's bone at 10,000× magnification

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

1,640,389 papers

Bone's mechanostat: a 2003 update.ReviewThe anatomical record. Part A, Discoveries in molecular, cellular, and evolutionary biology · 2003Frost HMDOI: 10.1002/ar.a.10119
Bone and bone graft healing.Oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of North America · 2007Marx REDOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2007.07.008
Research on Bone Cells in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Győri DSDOI: 10.3390/ijms25168758
The missing bone.ReviewCell · 1997Rodan GA, Harada SDOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80249-4
Bone quality.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2004Agnusdei D
Microdamage and bone strength.ReviewOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2003Burr DDOI: 10.1007/s00198-003-1476-2
Whole bone mechanics and mechanical testing.ReviewVeterinary journal (London, England : 1997) · 2008Sharir A, Barak MM, Shahar RDOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.09.012
Bone Quality in Paget's Disease of Bone.ReviewCurrent osteoporosis reports · 2016Singer FRDOI: 10.1007/s11914-016-0303-6

via PubMed

~45 min read

Encyclopedic overview

37 sections

Contents

Gross anatomy
Terminology
Functions
Mechanical
Synthetic
Metabolic
Tissue
Cortex
Trabeculae <span class="anchor" id="Cancellous bone"></span>
Marrow
Vascular supply
Histology and physiology
Osteoblast
Osteocyte
Osteoclast
Composition
Deposition
Development
Remodeling
Volume
Clinical significance
Fractures
Tumors
Cancer
Diabetes
Other painful conditions
Osteoporosis
Bone health
Osteology
Other animals
Society and culture
Additional images
See also
References
Sources
Further reading
External links

Bone tissue (also known as osseous tissue or bone in the uncountable) is a form of hard tissue, specialised connective tissue that is mineralized and has an intercellular honeycomb-like matrix, which helps to give the bone rigidity. Bone tissue is made up of different types of bone cells: osteoblasts and osteocytes (which form and mineralise bone), osteoclasts (which resorb bone), and modified or flattened osteoblasts (lining cells that form a protective layer on the bone surface). The mineralised matrix of bone tissue has an organic component of mainly ossein, a form of collagen, and an inorganic component of bone mineral, made up of various salts. Bone tissue comprises cortical bone and cancellous bone, although bones may also contain other kinds of tissue including bone marrow, endosteum, periosteum, nerves, blood vessels, and cartilage.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “bone” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.