Kovařík, František;Lowe, Graeme;Ranawana, Kithsiri B.;Hoferek, David;Š, V. A.
Buthidae
Sign in to saveAlso known as Arrowbreasted scorpions
The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1300 species as of 2025. A few very large genera (Ananteris, Centruroides, Compsobuthus, or Tityus) are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. New taxa are being described at a rate of several new species per year. They have a cosmopolitan distribution throughout tropical and subtropical environments worldwide. Together with four other families, the Buthidae make up the superfamily Buthoidea. The family was established by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837.
Species
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumArthropoda
- ClassArachnida
- OrderScorpiones
- FamilyButhidae
via GBIF
Museum specimens
- Specimen records
- 892
- With media
- 11
- Family
- Buthidae
- Collections
- IIZD-UASLP, UMNH, LACM, CSIRO, FMNH, SAM
- Recorded in
- Mexico, Zambia, Guatemala, Kenya, Australia, United States, Peru, Ghana
~7 min read
Encyclopedic overview
7 sectionsContents
- List of genera and number of species
- Description
- Toxicity and relationship with humans
- Mechanism of toxicity
- Gallery
- Notes
- References
The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1300 species as of 2025. A few very large genera (Ananteris, Centruroides, Compsobuthus, or Tityus) are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. New taxa are being described at a rate of several new species per year. They have a cosmopolitan distribution throughout tropical and subtropical environments worldwide. Together with four other families, the Buthidae make up the superfamily Buthoidea. The family was established by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837.
Around 20 species of medically important (meaning potentially lethal to humans) scorpions are known, and all but one of these (Hemiscorpius lepturus) are members of the Buthidae. In dead specimens, the spine beneath the stinger, characteristic for this family, can be observed.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Buthidae” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.