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calligraphy
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~28 min read
Article
39 sectionsContents
- Tools
- Pens and brushes
- Inks, papers, and templates
- East Asia
- History
- Technique
- Styles
- Influences
- Japan
- Korea
- Mongolia
- Tibet
- Southeast Asia
- Philippines
- Vietnam
- South Asia
- Nepal
- India
- Africa
- Egypt
- Ethiopia
- Americas
- Maya
- Europe
- Ancient Rome
- Western Christendom
- Eastern Europe
- Style
- Islamic world
- Antiquity
- Contemporary scripts
- Modern calligraphy
- Revival
- After 1900
- See also
- Notes
- References
- Works cited
- External links
Calligraphy () is fine handwriting taken to the level of visual art. It involves the design and execution of lettering or characters using a pen, ink brush, or other writing instruments. Classical calligraphy differs from type design and non-classical hand-lettering, though some calligraphers may practice both.
In East Asia and the Islamic world, calligraphy is a prominent element in art. Its visual form is often influenced by the meaning of the text as a whole or the individual words.