carroccio
Sign in to savethumb|The carroccio of Milan on an ancient miniature A carroccio (; ) was a large four-wheeled wagon bearing the city signs around which the militia of the medieval communes gathered and fought. It was particularly common among the Lombard, Tuscan and, more generally, northern Italian municipalities. Later its use spread even outside Italy. It was the symbol of municipal autonomy. Priests celebrated Mass at the altar before the battle, and the trumpeters beside them encouraged the fighters to the fray.
~16 min read
Article
15 sectionsContents
- History
- Origins
- 12th century
- 13th century
- 14th century: decline and disappearance
- The use of the carroccio outside Italy
- Function
- In the chronicles
- The "martinella"
- The ''specialis magister''
- In literature
- Citations
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|The carroccio of Milan on an ancient miniature A carroccio (; ) was a large four-wheeled wagon bearing the city signs around which the militia of the medieval communes gathered and fought. It was particularly common among the Lombard, Tuscan and, more generally, northern Italian municipalities. Later its use spread even outside Italy. It was the symbol of municipal autonomy. Priests celebrated Mass at the altar before the battle, and the trumpeters beside them encouraged the fighters to the fray.
Defended by selected troops, paved with the colors of the municipality, it was generally pulled by oxen and carried an altar, a bell (called martinella), the heraldic signs of the city and a mast surmounted by a Christian cross. In peace time it was kept in the main church of the city to which it belonged.