The Cartaz (plural cartazes, in Portuguese) was a naval trade license or pass issued by the Portuguese Empire in the Indian Ocean during the sixteenth century (circa 1502–1750). Its name derives from the Portuguese term cartas, meaning letters. The British navicert system of 1939–45 shared similarities with it.
The Cartaz (plural cartazes, in Portuguese) was a naval trade license or pass issued by the Portuguese Empire in the Indian Ocean during the sixteenth century (circa 1502–1750). Its name derives from the Portuguese term cartas, meaning letters. The British navicert system of 1939–45 shared similarities with it.
== Background == The licensing of vessels by the Portuguese was initiated by Prince Henry the Navigator in 1443, with the consent of the king and the Pope, when he decreed a monopoly on navigation in the west African coast, starting a Portuguese Mare clausum policy in the Atlantic Ocean. Ships began to be licensed by Portugal, which authorized and supported navigation, in exchange for part of the profits (usually 20%, "the fifth"), encouraging investment in exploration travels by Portuguese and foreigners.
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).