catlinite

thumb|Native American, Plains (unidentified). Pipe bowl representing owl, early 20th century. Catlinite or pipestone, 3 × 5 in. (9.5 × 13.7 cm). Brooklyn Museum thumb|Protohistoric Catlinite pipe, probably late 17th century Ioway, from the Wanampito site in [[Iowa.]]

Catlinite, also called pipestone, is a type of argillite (metamorphosed mudstone), usually brownish-red in color, which occurs in a matrix of Sioux Quartzite. Because it is fine-grained and easily worked, it is prized by Native Americans, primarily those of the Plains nations, for use in making ceremonial pipes, known as chanunpas (). Pipestone quarries are located and preserved in Pipestone National Monument outside Pipestone, Minnesota, in Pipestone County, Minnesota, and at the Pipestone River in Ontario, Canada.