cerebral hemorrhage

Also known as brain hemorrhage, brain bleed, cerebral hematoma, intracerebral hemorrhage, brain haemorrhage, cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral haematoma, intracerebral haemorrhage

type of intracranial hemorrhage that occurs within the brain tissue itself

Key facts

Other names: Cerebral haemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, intra-axial hemorrhage, cerebral hematoma, cerebral bleed, brain bleed, hemorrhagic stroke
Specialty: Neurosurgery , neurocritical care
Complications: Coma , persistent vegetative state , cardiac arrest (when bleeding is severe or in the brain stem), death
Causes: Brain trauma , aneurysms , arteriovenous malformations , brain tumors , hemorrhagic conversion of ischemic stroke
Risk factors: High blood pressure , diabetes , high cholesterol , amyloidosis , alcoholism , low cholesterol , blood thinners , cocaine use
Diagnostic method: CT scan
Differential diagnosis: Ischemic stroke
Treatment: Blood pressure control, surgery, ventricular drain
Prognosis: 20% good outcome
Frequency: 2.5 per 10,000 people a year
Deaths

Article

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), also known as hemorrhagic stroke, is a sudden bleeding into the tissues of the brain (i.e. the parenchyma), into its ventricles, or into both. An ICH is a type of bleeding within the skull and one kind of stroke (ischemic stroke being the other). Symptoms can vary dramatically depending on the severity (how much blood), acuity (over what timeframe), and location (anatomically) but can include headache, one-sided weakness, numbness, tingling, or paralysis, speech problems, vision or hearing problems, memory loss, attention problems, coordination problems, balance problems, dizziness or lightheadedness or vertigo, nausea/vomiting, seizures, decreased level of consciousness or total loss of consciousness, neck stiffness, and fever.

Hemorrhagic stroke may occur on the background of alterations to the blood vessels in the brain, such as cerebral arteriolosclerosis, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, cerebral arteriovenous malformation, brain trauma, brain tumors and an intracranial aneurysm, which can cause intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage.