The Crassulaceae (, from Latin crassus, thick), also known as the crassulas, the stonecrops or the orpine family, are a diverse family of flowering plants primarily characterized by succulent leaves and a form of photosynthesis known as crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), in which plants photosynthesize in the daytime and exchange gases during the cooler temperatures of the night. The blossoms of crassulas generally have five floral parts. Crassulaceae are usually herbaceous, though there are some subshrubs, and relatively few trees or aquatic plants.
Crassulaceae, commonly called stonecrops or the orpine family, are flowering plants known for their thick, fleshy leaves and a special nighttime photosynthesis process that helps them survive in dry conditions. These plants are mostly herbs with five-petaled flowers and are valued by gardeners and botanists for their distinctive adaptation to hot, arid environments.
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bergknappfamilien
FAMILY
景天科青锁龙属的秋火莲(Crassula capitella) 景天科,是虎耳草目的一科,为多年生草本或低矮灌木。原产于世界温暖干燥地区,分布在北半球大部分区域,品种繁多,大约有34属1426種,中国有13属(2特有屬,一引進屬),约233種(129特有種,1引進種),,另有多种引进作为观赏花卉。 景天科最初在1930年被Berger描述時包括有六個亞科,分別是: 青鎖龍亞科 Crassuloideae 伽藍菜亞科 Kalanchoideae 銀波錦亞科 Cotyledonoideae 擬石蓮亞科 Echeverioideae 佛甲草亞科 Sedoideae 長生草亞科 Sempervivoideae 其後這個分類經過多次修訂,之下的亞科從兩個到四個不等,但這六個亞科的分類仍然是最常用的分類,儘管這些亞科有好些都是多系群。另一個比較常用的分類減至下列三個亞科: 青鎖龍亞科 Crassuloideae 伽藍菜亞科 Kalanchoideae 長生草亞科 Sempervivoideae
via GBIF · Kew POWO
The Crassulaceae (, from Latin crassus, thick), also known as the crassulas, the stonecrops or the orpine family, are a diverse family of flowering plants primarily characterized by succulent leaves and a form of photosynthesis known as crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), in which plants photosynthesize in the daytime and exchange gases during the cooler temperatures of the night. The blossoms of crassulas generally have five floral parts. Crassulaceae are usually herbaceous, though there are some subshrubs, and relatively few trees or aquatic plants.
The Crassulaceae is a medium-sized family in the core eudicots clade, along with the order Saxifragales, whose diversity has made infrafamilial classification very difficult. The family includes approximately 1,400 species and 34–35 genera—depending on the circumscription of the genus Sedum—distributed over three subfamilies. Members of the Crassulaceae are found worldwide, though are mostly concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Africa (where the most species are found). They are adapted to thrive in typically dry, arid (hot or cold) areas where water may be scarce, and richer, organic substrates may be at a minimum or nonexistent. The Sempervivum (houseleeks) of Central and Southern Europe, or the Orostachys (dunce-caps) of Asia, for example, grow in rocky crevices at higher elevations, where soil is at a minimum but precipitation, sun exposure, and winds may be intense; these plants have thus adapted to absorb water by having succulent leaves, despite living often on slopes or near-vertical cliff faces, from which water typically drains quickly. Their roots are adhesive and grip to any rock, dirt, wood or other surface they come into contact with, while also gleaning minerals from said material. Seedlings that may sprout near more permanent sources of water, such as pooling rainwater or seeps, may experience rot or discoloration over time, and not survive.
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