Equus quagga is a species of wild zebra found in Africa, known for its distinctive black and white striped coat. It plays an important role in African ecosystems as a grazer and is significant to conservation efforts, as some populations face threats from habitat loss and human activity.
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SPECIES
平原斑馬(學名:Equus quagga)又名普通斑马,是东非和南非大草原上分布最廣的一種斑馬[2]。其分布范围从埃塞俄比亚南部直到非洲东部,往南至安哥拉和南非东部。平原斑马在动物保护区中仍十分普遍,但受人类活动如狩猎等威胁,其以往的栖息地亦被侵犯。 目录 1 分類 1.1 亞種 2 身體特徵 3 生態及行為 3.1 棲息地 3.2 天敵 4 參見 5 参考文献 5.1 註釋 5.2 一般引用 分類 斑驢 布氏斑馬,拍攝於納米比亞的Etosha國家公園 和山斑馬一樣,平原斑馬是斑馬亞屬(Hippotigris)中的一員,而與其近似的細紋斑馬則是細紋斑馬亞屬(Dolichohippus)中唯一的成員。就體態而言,前兩者像馬,後者則像驢。雖然如此,DNA及分子生物學的數據顯示,斑馬有其獨立的起源,但和馬與驢同屬馬科馬屬。在肯亞及衣索比亞的一些地區,平原斑馬經常跟細紋斑馬共享同一塊土地。 亞種 平原斑馬目前已經確認擁有六個亞種,而隨著1883年斑驢絕滅後,現今只剩下五個亞種存活於世。1958年,生物學家在索馬利亞一帶發現可能是第七個平原斑馬的亞種[3]:Equus quagga isabella。這個亞種可能是有效的,但目前尚無更多證據能夠證明其為平原斑馬的亞種。 以下是當今已被確認的亞種: 斑驢 Equus quagga quagga † – Boddaert, 1785 布氏斑马 Equus quagga burchellii - Gray, 1824 格蘭特氏斑馬 Equus quagga boehmi – Matschie, 1892 社氏斑马 Equus quagga borensis – Lönnberg, 1921 辑氏斑马 Equus quagga chapmani - Layard, 1865 克氏斑马 Equus quagga crawshayi – De Winton, 1896 已經滅絕的亞種斑驢最初在1778年被認為是一支獨立的物種,學名為 Equus quagga。在接下來的50年之間,許多生物學家和探險家陸陸續續地對許多斑馬做出描述。牠們最初被歸類為斑馬的「物種」,但透過分類學家更深入的研究後發現,有絕大多數都是平原斑馬和山斑馬的「亞種」。斑驢是史上第一個受到DNA研究的已絕滅動物,而史密森尼學會(Smithsonian Institution)最近一次的基因研究結果證明,斑驢並不是一支獨立的物種,而是平原斑馬的亞種,但其基因在29~12萬年前和平原斑馬產生了些微偏離。史密森尼學會表示,斑驢的學名應該改為 Equus burchelli quagga 。但是為了符合雙名法的規則,學者們進一步將學名改為現在所使用的 Equus quagga quagga。 值得一提的是,亞種布氏斑馬有一段時間被認為因人類過度捕獵而絕滅,但其實不然。因為
via GBIF · IUCN
The plains zebra (Equus quagga, formerly Equus burchellii) is the most common and geographically widespread species of zebra. Its range is fragmented, but spans much of southern and eastern Africa south of the Sahara. Six or seven subspecies have been recognised, including the quagga which was thought to be a separate species. More recent research supports variations in zebra populations being clines rather than subspecies.
Plains zebras are intermediate in size between the larger Grévy's zebra and the smaller mountain zebra and tend to have broader stripes than both. Great variation in coat patterns exists between clines and individuals. The plains zebra's habitat is generally, but not exclusively, treeless grasslands and savanna woodlands, both tropical and temperate. They generally avoid desert, dense rainforest and permanent wetlands. Zebras are preyed upon by lions and spotted hyenas, Nile crocodiles and, to a lesser extent, leopards, cheetahs and African wild dogs.
via Xeno-canto
via Wikidata · CC0
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).