File:Ernst_Toller_1923.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Ernst Toller
Sign in to saveGerman writer, politician and leader of the Munich Soviet Republic (1893-1939)
OverviewAI-generated
Ernst Toller was a male German-language playwright, politician, writer, and screenwriter. Born in Szamocin on 1 December 1893, he held citizenship in Nazi Germany, Poland, and Germany. He served as a non-commissioned officer during World War I and was educated at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Toller was a member of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany and worked in Munich. He wrote in German and spoke Yiddish and English.
His notable works include *Man and the masses* (*Masse Mensch*), *Zhivem, zhivem*, *Draw the fires!*, *Der deutsche Hinkemann*, and *Die rache des verhöhnten liebhabers oder Frauenlist und männerlist*. His work was associated with the Nazi book burnings. Toller died by hanging in New York City on 22 May 1939. He is buried at Ferncliff Cemetery, and his archives are held at the Märkisches Museum.
Synthesized by Vinony from 32 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, Open Library, Firecrawl, TMDb. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.
Person · Open Library
- Born
- 1 December 1893
- Died
- 22 May 1939
- Works
- 64
Top works
- Hinkemann
- Man and the masses (Masse Mensch)
- Zhivem, zhivem
- Draw the fires!
- Der deutsche Hinkemann
via Open Library + Wikidata
Key facts
- Preceded by
- Office established
- Succeeded by
- Eugen Leviné
- Born
- ( 1893-12-01 ) 1 December 1893, Samotschin , Posen , Germany
- Died
- 22 May 1939 (1939-05-22) (aged 45), New York City, US
- Branch
- Imperial German Army
- Service years
- 1914- 1915
- Conflicts
- World War I , German revolution
via Wikipedia infobox
Described at
Eugenio Pacelli. Kritische Online-Edition der Nuntiaturberichte 1917–1929
Eugenio Pacelli, der spätere Papst Pius XII. (1939-1958), ist eine der bekanntesten und umstrittensten Persönlichkeiten des 20. Jahrhunderts. Die Öffnung aller Akten aus dem Pontifikat Pius' XI. (1922-1939) im Vatikanischen Geheimarchiv 2003 und 2006 macht es möglich, alle Nuntiaturberichte, die Pacelli in den zwölf Jahren seiner Tätigkeit in Deutschland nach Rom sandte, zu edieren. Eine Edition der Weisungen von Kardinalstaatssekretär Pietro Gasparri ergänzt den Quellenbestand.
pacelli-edition.de →1914 Freiwilliger im Ersten Weltkrieg, 1917 Fortsetzung des Studiums der Rechtswissenschaften in München und Heidelberg, 1918 Beteiligung beim Umsturz in Bayern und der Ausrufung der Münchener Räterepublik sowie Zweiter Vorsitzender des Zentralrats der Bayerischen Arbeiter-, Bauern- und Soldatenräte, 1919 Vorsitzender der bayerischen USPD und des Zentralrats der Münchener Räterepublik und Kommandant der "Roten Armee" sowie nach Niederschlagung der Räterepublik Verurteilung zu Festungshaft, ab 1920 Verfassung politischer Dramen, ab 1933 Exil in der Schweiz, Großbritannien und den Vereinigten Staaten, 1939 Freitod. KARL, Michaela, Ernst Toller (1893-1939). Vom jugendlichen Idealisten zum desillusionierten Pazifisten. in: DIES (Hg.), Die Münchener Räterepublik. Porträts einer Revolution, Düsseldorf 2008, S. 190-209. KETTERLE, Margit, Toller, Ernst, in: BENZ, Wolfgang / GRAML, Hermann (Hg.), Biographisches Lexikon zur Weimarer Republik, Düsseldorf 1988, S. 342. KÖGLMEIER, Georg, Die zentralen Rätegremien in Bayern 1918/19. Legitimation – Organisation – Funktion (Schriftenreihe zur bayerischen Landesgeschichte 135), München 2001, S. 535.
Excerpt from a page describing this subject · 3,129 chars · not written by Vinony
Wikidata facts
- Instance of
- human
- Given name
- Ernst
- Gender
- male
- Citizenship
- Germany
- Place of birth
- Szamocin
- Place of death
- New York City
- Occupation
- poet
- Educated at
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Political party
- Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
- Languages spoken
- German
- Conflict
- World War I
- Military rank
- non-commissioned officer
- Official website
- www.ernst-toller.de
- Image
- Ernst Toller 1923.jpg
- Work location
- Munich
- Convicted of
- high treason
- Significant event
- Nazi book burnings
Show 12 more facts
- date of birth
- 1893-12-01
- date of death
- 1939-05-22
- Commons category
- Ernst Toller
- manner of death
- Suicide
- cause of death
- hanging to death
- name in native language
- Ernst Toller
- archives at
- Märkisches Museum
- writing language
- German
- P8168
- TA
- place of burial
- Ferncliff Cemetery
- described at URL
- pacelli-edition.de/gnd/118623230
- place of detention
- Munich Prison
via Wikidata · CC0
~10 min read
Encyclopedic overview
Ernst Toller (1 December 1893 – 22 May 1939) was a German author, playwright, left-wing politician and revolutionary, known for his Expressionist plays. He served in 1919 for six days as President of the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic, after which he became the head of its army. He was imprisoned for five years for his part in the armed resistance by the Bavarian Soviet Republic to the central government in Berlin. While in prison Toller wrote several plays that gained him international renown. They were performed in London and New York City as well as in Berlin.
In 1933 Toller was exiled from Germany after the Nazis came to power. He did a lecture tour in 1936–1937 in the United States and Canada, settling in California for a while before going to New York. He joined other exiles there. He committed suicide in May 1939.
Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Ernst Toller” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.