Fascism
thumb|upright=1.05|Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy (left), and [[Adolf Hitler, dictator of Germany (right), were notable fascist leaders.]]
AI overview
Fascism was a political movement of the 20th century that produced authoritarian dictatorships, most notably under leaders like Benito Mussolini in Italy and Adolf Hitler in Germany. It matters because fascist regimes had profound impacts on history, particularly through their aggressive expansionism and the devastating consequences of World War II.
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Research
187 papers- Rita Levi-Montalcini: the neurologist who challenged fascism.ReviewArquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2023Coutinho L, Teive HAGDOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761426
- A lesson from Nye Bevan on the roots of fascism.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025Hopkinson NSDOI: 10.1136/bmj.r2510
- The land of the past? Neo-populism, neo-fascism, and the failure of the left in Brazil.ReviewPolitical geography · 2020de Souza MLDOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2020.102186
- Forward: "Feminist and Queer resistance to Neo-Fascism's anti-'Gender Ideology' movements".
~40 min read
Article
51 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- Definitions
- Position on the political spectrum
- ''Fascist'' as a pejorative
- History
- Background and 19th-century roots
- Fin de siècle era and lead up to World War I (1880–1914)
- World War I and its aftermath (1914–1929)
- Impact of World War I
- Impact of the October Revolution in Russia
- Fascist Manifesto and Charter of Carnaro
- Accommodating conservatives
- Fascist violence
- Fascist Italy
- Mussolini in power
- Catholic Church
- Corporatist economic system
- Aggressive colonial and foreign policies
- Nazi adoption of the Italian model
- International impact of the Great Depression and buildup to World War II
- World War II (1939–1945)
- Post-World War II (1945–2008)
- Contemporary fascism (2008–present)
- Greece
- Post-Soviet Russia
- United States
- Tenets
- Ultranationalism
- Totalitarianism
- Economy
- Direct action
- Age and gender roles
- Palingenesis and modernism
- Culture
- Aesthetics
- Popular culture
- Criticism
- Anti-democratic and tyrannical
- Unprincipled opportunism
- Ideological dishonesty
- Anti-fascism
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- Primary sources
- Secondary sources
- Tertiary sources
- Further reading
- Primary sources
- Secondary sources
- External links
Italian Duce Benito Mussolini (left) and German Führer Adolf Hitler (right) were notable fascist leaders.
Fascism (/ˈfæʃɪzəm/ FASH-iz-əm) is a far-right , authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement that rose to prominence in early-20th-century Europe. Fascism is characterized by support for a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived interest of the nation or race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Opposed to communism, democracy, liberalism, pluralism, and socialism, fascism is at the far-right of the traditional left–right spectrum. What constitutes a precise definition of fascism has been a longrunning and complex debate among scholars.