Also known as telecopying, telefax, ℻, facsimile, faxing
thumb|upright=1.2|This fax machine from 1999 used relatively new inkjet printing technology on normal paper. thumb|upright=1.2|Like many fax machines, this 1990 model used thermal printing on relatively expensive [[thermal paper which came in rolls. The roll was inserted into a compartment in the machine.]]
A fax machine is a device that transmits documents over telephone lines, converting them into signals that can be printed on the receiving end. Over time, fax machines have used different printing technologies—such as thermal printing on special paper or inkjet printing on regular paper—to reproduce the received documents.
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thumb|upright=1.2|This fax machine from 1999 used relatively new inkjet printing technology on normal paper. thumb|upright=1.2|Like many fax machines, this 1990 model used thermal printing on relatively expensive [[thermal paper which came in rolls. The roll was inserted into a compartment in the machine.]]
Fax (short for facsimile), sometimes called telecopying or telefax (short for telefacsimile), is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material (both text and images), normally to a telephone number connected to a printer or other output device. The original document is scanned with a fax machine (or a telecopier), which processes the contents (text or images) as a single fixed graphic image, converting it into a bitmap, and then transmitting it through the telephone system in the form of audio-frequency tones. The receiving fax machine interprets the tones and reconstructs the image, printing a paper copy. Early systems used direct conversions of image darkness to audio tone in a continuous or analog manner. Since the 1980s, most machines transmit an audio-encoded digital representation of the page, using data compression to transmit areas that are all-white or all-black, more quickly.
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Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).