Italian inventions

thumb|An antenna farm hosting various [[radio antennas on Sandia Peak near Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States]]

A piano is a keyboard instrument that produces sound when its keys are depressed, activating an action mechanism where hammers strike strings. Modern pianos have a row of 88 black and white keys—with the exception of the Bosendörfer and Stuart & Sons pianos—and tuned to a chromatic scale in equal temperament. A musician who specializes in piano is called a pianist.

A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets.

280px|thumb|Macbeth (Verdi)|Macbeth at the [[Savonlinna Opera Festival in St. Olaf's Castle, Savonlinna, Finland, in 2007]] thumb|280px|La Scala of Milan thumb|280px|Palais Garnier of the [[Paris Opéra]] Opera is a form of Western theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a librettist and incorporates a number of the performing arts, such as acting, scenery, costume, and sometimes dance or ballet. The performance is typically g

The violin, sometimes referred to as a fiddle, is a wooden chordophone, and is the smallest, and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in regular use in the violin family. Smaller violin-type instruments exist, including the violino piccolo and the pochette, but these are virtually unused. Most violins have a hollow wooden body, and commonly have four strings (sometimes five), usually tuned in perfect fifths with notes G3, D4, A4, E5, and are most commonly played by drawing a bow across the strings. The violin can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and, in

Pizza is an Italian dish typically consisting of a flat base of leavened wheat-based dough topped with tomato, cheese, and other ingredients, baked at a high temperature, traditionally in a wood-fired oven.

thumb|Man with glasses thumb|A woman with glasses

assembly of one or more electrochemical cells, used to provide devices with stored electrical energy

thumb|Mechanical typewriters, such as this 1930s Underwood Typewriter Company|Underwood, were long-time standards in government agencies, newsrooms, and offices. thumb|This late 1960s Olivetti Valentine typewriter designed by [[Ettore Sottsass became a pop-culture icon.]] A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical machine for typing characters. Typically, a typewriter has an array of keys, and each one causes a different single character to be produced on paper by striking an inked ribbon selectively against the paper with a type element. Thereby, the machine produces a legible written

The violoncello ( , ), commonly abbreviated as cello ( ), is a medium-low pitched bowed string instrument of the violin family. Its four strings are usually tuned in perfect fifths: from low to high, C2, G2, D3 and A3. The viola's four strings are each an octave higher. Music for the cello is generally written in the bass clef; the tenor clef and treble clef are used for higher-range passages.

A sonnet is a fixed poetic form with a structure traditionally consisting of fourteen lines adhering to a set rhyming scheme. The term derives from the Italian word sonetto (, from the Latin word sonus, ). Originating in 13th-century Sicily, the sonnet was in time taken up in many European-language areas, mainly to express romantic love at first, although eventually any subject was considered acceptable. Many formal variations were also introduced, including abandonment of the quatorzain limit – and even of rhyme altogether in modern times.

thumb|An analog barometer

thumb|upright=1.35|Paratroopers deploying their parachutes during an exercise

measure of inequality in income or wealth distribution

A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group are concentrated, especially as a result of political, social, legal, religious, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished than other areas of the city. Versions of such restricted areas have been found across the world, each with their own names, classifications, and groupings of people.

device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting, or an object, and converts it to a digital image

legal system of ancient Rome and later the Roman and Byzantine Empire

Nitroglycerin (NG) (alternative spelling nitroglycerine), also known as trinitroglycerol (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless or pale yellow, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the formation of the nitric acid ester. Chemically, the substance is a nitrate ester rather than a nitro compound, but the traditional name is retained. Discovered in 1846 by Ascanio Sobrero, nitroglycerin has been used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of explosiv

Arduino () is an Italian open-source hardware and software company (owned by Qualcomm), as well as a project and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital and other kinds of devices. Its hardware products are licensed under a CC BY-SA license, while the software is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially from the official website or t

thumb|Trumps of the Tarot de Marseilles, a standard 18th-century playing card pack, later also used for divination thumb|A Tarot reading|3-card tarot spread used for divination. The deck is the Smith-Waite Centennial Tarot Deck (a faithful reproduction of the original [[Rider-Waite-Smith deck from 1909).]]

thumb|An American-style 15×15 crossword grid layout

thumb|upright=1.2|This fax machine from 1999 used relatively new inkjet printing technology on normal paper. thumb|upright=1.2|Like many fax machines, this 1990 model used thermal printing on relatively expensive [[thermal paper which came in rolls. The roll was inserted into a compartment in the machine.]]

thumb|A hemispherical-cup anemometer of the type invented in 1846 by Thomas Romney Robinson|John Thomas Romney Robinson

Polenta (, ) is an Italian dish of boiled cornmeal that was historically made from other grains. It may be allowed to cool and solidify into a loaf that can be baked, fried or grilled.

seismic scale used for measuring the intensity and effects of an earthquake

form of graphical projection where the projection lines converge to one or more points

thumb|upright=1.35|The Codex Gigas, 13th century, [[Bohemia]]

thumb|A hair tension dial hygrometer with a nonlinear scale.

seamless, chronological and factual ordered recording of all business processes in a company based of documented evidence

teaching method based on Maria Montessori's ideas

theatre building used for opera performances

clock with special mechanisms and dials to display astronomical information

thumb|Machine-made watermark on a 19th century letter A watermark is an identifying image or pattern in paper that appears as varying shades of light and dark when viewed by either transmitted light or reflected light. These patterns are created from variations in the thickness or density of the paper. Watermarks have historically been used on postage stamps, currency, and other official documents to discourage counterfeiting. There are two primary methods of producing watermarks in paper: the dandy roll process and the more complex cylinder mould process.

thumb|upright=1.25|Copper electroplating machine for layering Printed circuit board|PCBs

thumb|Istoriato decoration on a plate from Castel Durante, 1550–1570 ([[Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lille)]]

Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an ansamycin antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium avium complex, leprosy, and Legionnaires' disease. It is almost always used together with other antibiotics with two notable exceptions: when given as a "preferred treatment that is strongly recommended" for latent TB infection; and when used as post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b and meningococcal disease in people who have been exposed to those bacteria. Before treating a person for a long period of time,

thumb|Paper confetti being thrown at a wedding in the United Kingdom thumb|A scattering of metallic confetti thumb|Confetti falls down on the Rose Bowl (stadium)|Rose Bowl field after the victory of the Longhorns against the Trojans at the [[2006 Rose Bowl, which was played on the 4 January 2006 ( game), part of its post-game celebration]] Confetti is small pieces or streamers of paper, mylar or metallic material, usually thrown at celebrations, especially parades and weddings. The origins are from the Latin confectum, with confetti the plural of Italian confetto, small sweet. Modern paper con

Gelato (; ) refers to a specific type of ice cream of Italian origin. In Italian, is the common word for all types of ice cream. Artisanal gelato in Italy generally contains 6–9% butterfat, which is lower than other styles of frozen dessert. Gelato typically contains 35% air (substantially less than American-style ice cream) and more flavoring than other types of frozen desserts, giving it an intense flavor with creamy, smooth texture, density and richness that distinguishes it from other ice creams.

early type of image projector

a paper used to make copies

organization

retired European expendable orbital launch vehicle

alpine skiing discipline

type of fortification based on bastions with a star shape

stove-top coffee maker

Doxorubicin, sold under the brand name Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. This includes breast cancer, bladder cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. It is often used together with other chemotherapy agents. Doxorubicin is given by injection into a vein.

thumb|300px|Commonly used terms of relationship and comparison in dentistry|Occlusal view of the same maxillary denture

first educational and research institution with the character of an university

study of the wills, thoughts, intentions, and reactions of criminals

Daunorubicin, also known as daunomycin, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. Specifically it is used for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and Kaposi's sarcoma. It is administered by injection into a vein. A liposomal formulation known as liposomal daunorubicin also exists.

device that measures body temperature

Principal entrance to the lazaretto on Mahón|thumb A lazaretto ( ), sometimes lazaret or lazarette ( ), is a quarantine station for maritime travelers. Lazarets can be ships permanently at anchor, isolated islands, or mainland buildings. In some lazarets, postal items were also disinfected, usually by fumigation. This practice was still being done as late as 1936, albeit in rare cases.

thumb|Stiletto

technique for equalising pressure in the middle ears

type of coffeemaker that makes espresso

alt=|thumb|An ETR 600 high-speed train, operated by [[Trenitalia in 2023]] Pendolino (from Italian "pendulum", and -ino, a diminutive suffix) is an Italian family of high-speed tilting trains (and non-tilting) used in Italy, Spain, Germany, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Finland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia (Czech railways are operating), the UK, the US, Switzerland, China, and Greece. It was also used in Russia from December 12, 2010, until March 26, 2022. Based on the design of the Italian ETR 401, it was further developed and manufactured by Fiat Ferroviaria, which was later acquired by Alsto

application of insect and other arthropod biology to forensics

1960s anatomic chair design

door which opens horizontally by sliding

Cabergoline, sold under the brand name Dostinex among others, is a dopaminergic medication used in the treatment of high prolactin levels, prolactinomas, Parkinson's disease, and for other indications. It is taken by mouth.