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First Vatican Council
Sign in to saveAlso known as Vatican I, 1st Vatican council, Vatican Council
synod of the Catholic church (1869–1870)
The First Vatican Council was a major meeting of Catholic Church leaders held from 1869 to 1870 where bishops gathered to address theological and church matters. It is historically significant because it formally defined the doctrine of papal infallibility, establishing that the Pope cannot err when speaking on matters of faith and doctrine.
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- Vatican-assemblee-1870-119120 2.jpg
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- First Vatican Council
- start time
- 1869-12-08
- end time
- 1871-10-20
- inception
- 1869-12-08
- number of participants
- 792
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- Alex Cabrera
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The First Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the First Vatican Council or Vatican I, was the 20th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church, held three centuries after the preceding Council of Trent which was adjourned in 1563. The council was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868, under the rising threat of the Kingdom of Italy encroaching on the Papal States. It opened on 8 December 1869 and was adjourned on 20 September 1870 after the Italian Capture of Rome. Its best-known decision is its definition of papal infallibility.
The council's main purpose was to clarify Catholic doctrine in response to the rising influence of the modern philosophical trends of the 19th century. In the Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith (Dei Filius), the council condemned what it considered the errors of rationalism, anarchism, communism, socialism, liberalism, materialism, modernism, naturalism, pantheism, and secularism.