Fraxinus

Fraxinus

GENUS

1. KingdomPlantae
2. PhylumTracheophyta
3. ClassMagnoliopsida
4. OrderLamiales
5. FamilyOleaceae

Observations recorded1,957,145

物种 参见本文。 梣树（学名：Fraxinus）是木犀科梣属落叶乔木的通称，约有60个物种。产于温带和亚热带地区，在中国有近30种，北方、南方和中部都有种植。 其学名来自于拉丁语的“矛”，因为当时士兵们作战用的武器长矛的柄是用梣木制作的。在斯堪的纳维亚神话中，世界由一棵梣树支撑着。在希腊神话中，宙斯创造人类之初，人是从梣树里诞生的。 梣树叶子对生，羽状带齿，花有两性，花序锥形，花冠常呈四裂，雄蕊两个，柱头二裂，果实翅形，子叶扁平。 梣树的根和叶子具有利尿、消炎等药理功能。 部分物种 开花的梣树 梣树的果实 北美洲东部 Fraxinus americana L. – White Ash Fraxinus caroliniana Mill. – Carolina Ash Fraxinus nigra Marshall – Black Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall 美国红梣 Fraxinus profunda (Bush) Bush – Pumpkin Ash Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. – Blue Ash Fraxinus tremillium – Indigo Ash 北美洲西部和西南部 Fraxinus anomala Torr. ex S.Watson – Singleleaf Ash Fraxinus berlandieriana DC. – Mexican Ash Fraxinus cuspidata Torr. – Fragrant Ash Fraxinus dipetala Hook. & Arn. – California Ash or Two-petal Ash Fraxinus dubia Fraxinus gooddingii – Goodding's Ash Fraxinus greggii A.Gray – Gregg's Ash Fraxinus latifolia Benth. – Oregon Ash Fraxinus lowellii – Lowell Ash Fraxinus papillosa Lingelsh. – Chihuahua Ash Fraxinus purpusii Fraxinus rufescens Fraxinus texensis (A.Gray) Sarg. – Texas Ash Fraxinus uhdei (Wenz.) Lingelsh. – Shamel Ash or Tropical Ash Fraxinus velutina Torr. – 绒毛白蜡 古北界西部（欧洲、北非和西南亚) Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl – Narrow-leafed Ash or Caucasian A

via GBIF · Kew POWO

🔬Museum specimens

Specimen records

2,408

With media

1,495

Family

Oleaceae

Collections

UCMP, USNM, VT, INECOL, UACH, GH

Recorded in

United States, Mexico

• Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties of Fraxinus spp.: A Review.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2025Zhao Y, He W, Yang Y et al.DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202402879
• Chemical components of Fraxinus species.ReviewFitoterapia · 2007Kostova I, Iossifova TDOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2006.08.002
• The genus Fraxinus L. (Oleaceae): A review of botany, traditional and modern applications, phytochemistry, and bioactivity.ReviewPhytochemistry · 2025Guo J, Zhang SS, Gao J et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114371
• Fraxinus excelsior updated long-read genome reveals the importance of MADS-box genes in tolerance mechanisms against ash dieback.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Franco Ortega S, Bedford JA, James SR et al.DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkaf053
• Canditate metabolites for ash dieback tolerance in Fraxinus excelsior.Journal of experimental botany · 2020Nemesio-Gorriz M, Menezes RC, Paetz C et al.DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa306
• Full-length transcriptome combined with RNA sequence analysis of Fraxinus chinensis.Genes & genomics · 2023Sun X, Li HDOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01374-w
• Transcriptome profiling of Fraxinus excelsior genotypes infested by emerald ash borer.Scientific data · 2023Doonan JM, Kosawang C, Eisenring M et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02588-z
• Ethylene constrains stomatal reopening in Fraxinus chinensis post moderate drought.Tree physiology · 2023Bi MH, Jiang C, Brodribb T et al.DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac144

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