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EntityQ898412· pop 24· linked from 76 articles

In thermodynamics, the fugacity of a real gas is an effective partial pressure which replaces the ideal partial pressure in an accurate computation of chemical equilibrium. It is equal to the pressure of an ideal gas which has the same temperature and molar Gibbs free energy (chemical potential) as the real gas.

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逸度(英语:Fugacity)在化学热力学中表示实际气体的有效压力,用 表示。它等于相同条件下具有相同化学势的理想气体的压强。在与化学势有关的描述理想气体性质的热力学式子中用逸度代替活度,即可得到相应的描述实际气体性质的关系式。例如 0°C 下 100个大气压的氮气的逸度为 97.03 个大气压,这意味着它与 97.03 个大气压下的氮气理想气体有着相同的化学势。逸度可以通过实验测定,也可以用范德华气体模型估算。逸度与压强的比值称为逸度系数,它是无量纲量。如下式所示。 例如,100个大气压下氮气的逸度系数为0.9703,理想气体的逸度系数为1。

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