gallstone disease
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Key facts
- Medical condition (new).name
- Gallstone
- Medical condition (new).image
- Gallstones.png
- Medical condition (new).caption
- Gallstones typically form in the gallbladder and may result in symptoms if they block the biliary system.
- Medical condition (new).field
- GastroenterologyGeneral surgery
- Medical condition (new).pronounce
- Cholelith , cholelithiasis
- Medical condition (new).synonyms
- Gallstone disease, cholelith, cholecystolithiasis (gallstone in the gallbladder), choledocholithiasis (gallstone in a bile duct)
- Medical condition (new).symptoms
- None, crampy pain in the right upper abdomen
- Medical condition (new).complications
- Inflammation of the gallbladder, inflammation of the pancreas, liver inflammation
- Medical condition (new).onset
- After 40 years old
- Medical condition (new).risks
- Birth control pills, pregnancy, family history, obesity, diabetes, liver disease, rapid weight loss
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
Research
44,587 papers- The Treatment of Gallstone Disease.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2020
- Management of Gallstone Disease.The Surgical clinics of North America · 2024
- An update on the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone disease.Current opinion in gastroenterology · 2018
- Genetics of gallstone disease.European journal of clinical investigation · 2018
- Factors Influencing Gallstone Formation: A Review of the Literature.Biomolecules · 2022
via PubMed
Article
26 sectionsContents
- Definition
- Signs and symptoms
- Biliary colic
- Complications
- Acute cholecystitis
- Choledocholithiasis
- Ascending cholangitis
- Gallstone (biliary) pancreatitis
- Gallstone ileus
- Cancer
- Risk factors
- Pathophysiology
- Composition
- Cholesterol stones
- Pigment stones
- Mixed stones
- Diagnosis
- Prevention
- Treatment
- Lithotripsy
- Surgical
- Medical
- Use in alternative medicine
- See also
- References
- External links
A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder from precipitated bile components. The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to any disease caused by gallstones, and choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of migrated gallstones within bile ducts.
Most people with gallstones (about 80%) are asymptomatic. However, when a gallstone obstructs the bile duct and causes acute cholestasis, a reflexive smooth muscle spasm often occurs, resulting in an intense cramp-like visceral pain in the right upper part of the abdomen known as a biliary colic (or "gallbladder attack"). This happens in 1–4% of those with gallstones each year. Complications from gallstones may include inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis), inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), obstructive jaundice, and infection in bile ducts (cholangitis). Symptoms of these complications may include pain that lasts longer than five hours, fever, yellowish skin, vomiting, dark urine, and pale stools.