thumb|A house sign in Chwałowice indicating the site of the local '''''' is a Polish word meaning 'gathering', 'group', or 'assembly'. In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the term referred to a village organization which embraced all the inhabitants of a village and acted as a local authority, as well as overseeing tax payments. In this sense, the developed between the 16th and 18th centuries, and continued to function in Congress Poland. Their chiefs took the title of and were elected by the local population.
thumb|A house sign in Chwałowice indicating the site of the local '''''' is a Polish word meaning 'gathering', 'group', or 'assembly'. In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the term referred to a village organization which embraced all the inhabitants of a village and acted as a local authority, as well as overseeing tax payments. In this sense, the developed between the 16th and 18th centuries, and continued to function in Congress Poland. Their chiefs took the title of and were elected by the local population.
The continued to function in interwar Poland, as a subdivision of a gmina.
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).