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groundwater

Also known as ground water, underground water

right|thumb|upright=1.5|An illustration showing groundwater in aquifers (in blue) (1, 5 and 6) below the [[water table (4), and three different wells (7, 8 and 9) dug to reach it.]]

AI overview

Groundwater is water that collects underground in layers of rock and soil called aquifers, below a boundary known as the water table. It matters because people drill wells to access this underground water for drinking and other uses.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

41,789 papers

Groundwater Connections and Sustainability in Social-Ecological Systems.Ground water · 2023Huggins X, Gleeson T, Castilla-Rho J et al.DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13305
Groundwater as a potential cause of Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka: a review.ReviewJournal of water and health · 2021Imbulana S, Oguma KDOI: 10.2166/wh.2021.079
Occurrence and distribution of organic and inorganic pollutants in groundwater.ReviewWater environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2019Kurwadkar SDOI: 10.1002/wer.1166
Global diagnosis of nitrate pollution in groundwater and review of removal technologies.ReviewThe Science of the total environment · 2022Abascal E, Gómez-Coma L, Ortiz I et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152233
Modern groundwater reaches deeper depths in heavily pumped aquifer systems.Nature communications · 2022Thaw M, GebreEgziabher M, Villafañe-Pagán JY et al.DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32954-1
Polyurethane-Degrading Potential of Alkaline Groundwater Bacteria.Microbial ecology · 2023Ciric M, Šaraba V, Budin C et al.DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02338-z
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in groundwater: current understandings and challenges to overcome.ReviewEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2022Zhao Z, Li J, Zhang X et al.DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20755-4
Dissolved Barium Causes Toxicity to Groundwater Cyclopoida.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2024Adams MS, McKnight KS, Spadaro DM et al.DOI: 10.1002/etc.5956

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Wikidata facts

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Show 2 more facts

Commons category: Underground water
exact match: purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001004

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~33 min read

Article

27 sections

Contents

Definition
Role in the water cycle
Groundwater recharge
Location in aquifers
Characteristics
Temperature
Availability
Uses by humans
Quantities
Drinking water quality aspects
Water supply for municipal and industrial uses
Irrigation
In developing countries
Challenges
Overdraft
Subsidence
Groundwater becoming saline due to evaporation
Seawater intrusion
Pollution
Climate change
Climate change adaptation
Climate change mitigation
Groundwater governance
By country
See also
References
External links

right|thumb|upright=1.5|An illustration showing groundwater in aquifers (in blue) (1, 5 and 6) below the [[water table (4), and three different wells (7, 8 and 9) dug to reach it.]]

Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. About 30 percent of all readily available fresh water in the world is groundwater. A unit of rock or an unconsolidated deposit is called an aquifer when it can yield a usable quantity of water. The depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated with water is called the water table. Groundwater is recharged from the surface; it may discharge from the surface naturally at springs and seeps, and can form oases or wetlands. Groundwater is also often withdrawn for agricultural, municipal, and industrial use by constructing and operating extraction wells. The study of the distribution and movement of groundwater is hydrogeology, also called groundwater hydrology.