Also known as gt, Republic of Guatemala, GTM, GT
中央アメリカの国
Guatemala is a country located in northern Central America, bordered by Mexico, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador, with coastlines on the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Honduras. It serves as an important geographical crossroads in the Central American region, connecting North America to the rest of Central America.
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thumb|450px|Visa policy of Guatemala
thumb|Glowing lava, Pacaya Maya ruins are the key attractions in the country and the most notable are El Mirador, perhaps the cradle of Maya civilisation, and Tikal.
Guatemala is rich in natural beauty and travel opportunities, it's a country that offers so much to those willing to step off the beaten track for a little while. Many of the country's natural areas are preserved as national parks and biosphere reserves.
Antigua Guatemala is often regarded as the travellers' hub, a crumbling, picture-perfect Central American town ringed by volcanoes. From here you can take a hike up Volcano Pacaya, take a bus to the bustling market of Chichicastenango, or sip some coffee in a street-side cafe and watch the world go by.
Lake Atitlán (or Lago de Atitlán) is another frequent stop on any visitors itinerary. A volcano-rimmed lake with plenty of backpacker hostels and Mayan villages that dot the shores.
Flores in Guatemala's wild north is a tourist friendly island in the middle of Lake Petén Itzá. From here you can take a bus ride to one of the best preserved Mayan ruins in the world, Tikal. Howler monkeys and dense jungle make walking around the ruins an adventure. Rio Dulce The Rio Dulce is a majestic emerald river, sandwiched between Belize & Honduras, which sweeps out to the Caribbean. The Rio Dulce area consists of two towns on either side of one of the largest bridges in Central America, Fronteras & El Relleno. Rio Dulce is a haven for sailors and backpackers, with plenty to do and to see. Finca Paraiso is a hot springs waterfall which is like having a spa day in the jungle; Castillo San Felipe de Lara is a historical fort site and an ine…
thumb|Different tamales Typical food: Kaq Ik Pepián Jocom Quichom Tortillas and tortillas de harina. Maize tortillas are served with most meals. Frijoles negros - stewed black beans Caldos - beef broths Tamales - steam-cooked corn meal, with a variety of fillings, wrapped in banana leaves Rice 'n beans (Garifunafood in Puerto Barrios) Tapado, ceviche and other fishmeals Churrascos
A typical breakfast is frijoles and rice with coffee of course.
The type of food really depends on how much you want to spend and what type of place you want to spend it at. You can get almost any type of food at the main tourist locations. In the aldeas (small towns) your choices are mostly limited to those items listed above. Guatemalan food differs from Mexican food in that it is a lot less spicy, and chillies are generally served in a separate dish from the main course to be added as desired, rather than included in the food.
グアテマラ共和国(グアテマラきょうわこく、スペイン語: República de Guatemala)、通称グアテマラは、中央アメリカ北部に位置する共和制国家である。北にメキシコ、北東にベリーズ、東にホンジュラス、南東にエルサルバドルと国境を接しており、北東はカリブ海に、南は太平洋に面する。人口は約1720万人で、中央アメリカでは最も人口の多い国であり、アメリカ大陸では11番目に人口の多い国である。グアテマラは代表制民主主義国家である。首都および最大都市はヌエバ・グアテマラ・デ・ラ・アスンシオンで、グアテマラシティとしても知られ、中央アメリカ最大の都市である。 メソアメリカ大陸に広がっていたマヤ文明の中心は、歴史的に現在のグアテマラの領土を拠点としていた。16世紀、この地域の大部分はスペインに征服され、ニュースペイン総督領の一部として領有権を主張した。1821年、グアテマラはスペインとメキシコから独立した。1823年に中央アメリカ連邦共和国の一部となったが、1841年に解散した。 19世紀半ばから後半にかけて、グアテマラは慢性的な不安定さと内乱に見舞われた。20世紀初頭からは、ユナイテッド・フルーツ社や米国政府の支援を受けた独裁者が次々と登場し、統治を行った。1944年、権威主義的な指導者ホルヘ・ウビコが民主的な軍事クーデターによって打倒され、10年にわたる革命が始まり、社会と経済の大改革につながった。1954年に米国が支援する軍事クーデターが革命を終わらせ、独裁政権を樹立した。 1960年から1996年まで、グアテマラはアメリカが支援する政府と左翼反乱軍の間で戦われた軍によって行われたマヤの人々の大量虐殺を含む血なまぐさい内戦に耐えた。 国連が交渉した平和協定以来、グアテマラは経済成長と成功した民主選挙の両方を達成したが、高い貧困率と犯罪、麻薬カルテル、不安定性に苦しみ続けている。2014年現在、グアテマラは人間開発指数でラテンアメリカ・カリブ海諸国33カ国中31位にランクされている。 グアテマラは生物学的に重要でユニークな生態系が豊富で、多くの固有種を含み、メソアメリカの生物多様性ホットスポットの指定に貢献している。
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Popular Guatemalan beers are Gallo (lager, by far the most popular with Guatemalans), Victoria, Brahva (a light pilsner style), Moza (dark bock), Cabro, Monte Carlo (premium), and Dorada. Don't be surprised if you get salt and lemon with your beer. It's a custom to put some salt on the toes of the bottle, and screw out the lemon in the beer. Sometimes it is mixed with V8 vegetable juice, and the concoction is called michelada.
Guatemala produces a number of rums, including the superb Ron Zacapa Centenario which is aged up to 30 years.
Tequila is a very popular drink in Guatemala.
If you order a bottled drink, you will normally get a tissue to clean the bottle. Coca-Cola and Pepsi-type products are available, plus many from local soft drink manufacturers.
You will likely find cheap hotels (~US$10-15 a night) in every town or village in Guatemala. In the main tourist areas, there are also many high quality hotels (US$200 a night).
Hostels with shared rooms are available in more than 15 towns and villages throughout the country. Very good rated hostels cost about US$6-15 (March 2022).
thumb|Guatemalan police checking documents Guatemala has a reputation for being a dangerous country — a reputation that's not entirely unwarranted, but the average traveller should not be too overly concerned or cautious of their surroundings.
A lot of the crime is drug and gang related, which, to a significant extent, doesn't affect tourists that much. As long as you apply a modicum of common sense and blend in with the locals, your visit will be trouble-free.
Understand that Guatemala is still recovering from a brutal thirty-year civil war and the war has badly impacted Guatemalan society in many ways; many Guatemalans have been pushed into poverty, economic conditions are far from ideal, and the rule of law is still weak. It'll take some time for things to get back to normal.
Drink only purified water (Agua Pura Salvavidas is recommended by most of hospitals and hotels).
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control states that malaria risk exists in rural areas at altitudes lower than 1,500 m, with no risk in Antigua or Lake Atitlán. Preventative anti-malarial medication can and should be purchased ahead of visiting malaria-endemic areas.
Dengue fever is endemic throughout Guatemala.
Hepatitis A&B vaccinations are recommended.
Much of what is considered good manners in Latin and South America is applicable to Guatemala. The various tips found in the respect section of the Latin America article will come in handy when you visit the country.
Address people you don't know in a formal manner (Señor, Señora, Usted), and greet people in the following way: day - "buenos dias", "feliz dia" night - "feliz noche", "buenas noches" You'll encounter this in more suburban, rural areas. Native Guatemalans are raised to greet strangers formally.
thumb|Sunrise in Plaza Barrios, Guatemala City
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