File:F0182_Louvre_Code_Hammourabi_Bas-relief_Sb8_rwk.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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Hammurabi

Also known as Hammurapi

Hammurabi (; ; Akkadian: ; ), also spelled Hammurapi, was the sixth Amorite king of the Old Babylonian Empire, reigning from to BC. He was preceded by his father, Sin-Muballit, who abdicated due to failing health. During his reign, he conquered the city-states of Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari. He ousted Ishme-Dagan I, the king of Assyria, and forced his son Mut-Ashkur to pay tribute, bringing almost all of Mesopotamia under Babylonian rule.

OverviewAI-generated

Hammurabi was a male human who served as the king and monarch of Babylonia. Born in 1810 BCE in the Old Babylonian Empire, he succeeded his father, Sin-Muballit, to the throne. He practiced the Babylonian religion and spoke Akkadian. Hammurabi died in 1750 BCE in Babylonia and was succeeded by his child, Samsu-iluna.

He is associated with the Text of the Code of Hammurabi, also known as the Codex Ḫammurabi, and other works such as Hammurabi's Gesetz. A notable quote attributed to him is, "If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out." He is distinct from Ammurapi. His legacy is referenced in various encyclopedic sources, including the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary.

Synthesized by Vinony from 39 facts across 7 sources: Wikidata, Open Library, Last.fm, Crossref, Wikiquote, MusicBrainz, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Born: c. 1810 BC
Died: 1750 BC
Works: 28

Top works

Text of the Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon (about 2250 B.C.)
Hammurabi's Gesetz
Lettres de Ḫammurapi a Sǎmǎs-Ḫâṣir
The Babylonian laws
Codex Ḫammurabi

via Open Library + Wikidata

Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Person
Gender: Male
Origin: Spain

Discography

Qué podría hacer2006
Penumbra2007

via MusicBrainz · CC0

Listeners · Last.fm

Listeners: 868
Total plays: 8,301

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

Linearizability of Persistent Memory Objects Under a Full-System-Crash Failure Model
· 2016 · cited 97x
Assessment of the clinical and molecular impact of different cytogenetic subgroups in a series of 272 lipomas with abnormal karyotype
· 2007 · cited 70x
Generation of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells Lacking Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and II
· 2020 · cited 62x
Multidimensional approximate agreement in Byzantine asynchronous systems
· 2013 · cited 61x
Cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic findings in lipoblastoma
· 2008 · cited 59x

via Crossref · CC0

Quotes

“Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land.”
“If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out.”

via Wikiquote · CC BY-SA

Key facts

Royalty.title: King of BabylonKing of the Four Corners of the World
Royalty.name: Hammurabi
Royalty.image: F0182 Louvre Code Hammourabi Bas-relief Sb8 rwk.jpg
Royalty.caption: Hammurabi (standing) receiving his royal insignia from Shamash (or possibly Marduk)
Royalty.succession: King of the Old Babylonian Empire
Royalty.reign: (MC)
Royalty.predecessor: Sin-Muballit
Royalty.successor: Samsu-iluna
Royalty.birth_date: BC
Royalty.birth_place: Babylon, Old Babylonian Empire
Royalty.death_date: BC (aged 59–60)
Royalty.death_place: Babylon, Old Babylonian Empire
Royalty.issue: Samsu-iluna

via Wikipedia infobox

~18 min read

Encyclopedic overview

15 sections

Contents

Life
Background and ascension
Reign and conquests
Family
Code of laws
Legacy
Posthumous commemoration
Political legacy
Relationship to Biblical figures and Mosaic law
References
Notes
Citations
Sources
Further reading
External links

Hammurabi is best known for having issued his law code, ostensibly a revelation from Shamash, the Babylonian god of justice. Unlike earlier Sumerian law codes, such as the Code of Ur-Nammu, which had focused on compensating the victim of the crime, the Law of Hammurabi was one of the first law codes to place greater emphasis on the physical punishment of the perpetrator. It prescribed specific penalties for each crime and is among the first codes to establish the presumption of innocence. They were intended to limit what a wronged person was permitted to do in retribution. The Code of Hammurabi and the Law of Moses in the Torah contain numerous similarities.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Hammurabi” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.