haruspex

thumb|upright=1.2|The Liver of Piacenza, a bronze diagram of the sheep's liver found near [[Piacenza with Etruscan inscriptions]]

A haruspex was a person trained to practise divination by the inspection of the entrails of sacrificed animals, especially the livers of sacrificed sheep and poultry, a practice called haruspicy in the Ancient Roman religion. Various ancient cultures of the Near East, such as the Babylonians, also read omens specifically from the liver, a practice also known by the Greek term hepatoscopy (also hepatomancy).