hypocalcaemia
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- Medical condition (new).name
- Hypocalcemia
- Medical condition (new).image
- Polfa Warszawa Calcium Chloratum 67mg-per-ml 10ml - stack.jpg
- Medical condition (new).alt
- Calcium chloride ampoules
- Medical condition (new).field
- Endocrinology
- Medical condition (new).symptoms
- Numbness, muscle spasms, seizures, confusion
- Medical condition (new).complications
- Cardiac arrest
- Medical condition (new).causes
- Hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, kidney failure, pancreatitis, calcium channel blocker overdose, rhabdomyolysis, tumor lysis syndrome, bisphosphonates
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
- Blood serum < 2.1 mmol/L (corrected calcium or ionized calcium)
- Medical condition (new).treatment
- Calcium supplements, vitamin D, magnesium sulfate.
- Medical condition (new).frequency
- ~18% of people in hospital
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
9 sectionsContents
- Signs and symptoms
- Causes
- Pathophysiology
- Mechanism
- Diagnosis
- Management
- See also
- References
- External links
Hypocalcemia is a medical condition characterized by low calcium levels in the blood serum. The normal range of blood calcium is typically between 2.1–2.6 mmol/L (8.8–10.7 mg/dL, 4.3–5.2 mEq/L), while levels less than 2.1 mmol/L are defined as hypocalcemic. Mildly low levels that develop slowly often have no symptoms. Otherwise symptoms may include numbness, muscle spasms, seizures, confusion, or in extreme cases cardiac arrest.
The most common cause for hypocalcemia is iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism. Other causes include other forms of hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, kidney failure, pancreatitis, calcium channel blocker overdose, rhabdomyolysis, tumor lysis syndrome, and medications such as bisphosphonates or denosumab. Diagnosis should generally be confirmed by determining the corrected calcium or ionized calcium level. Specific changes may also be seen on an electrocardiogram (ECG).