set of all values of a function; set of all values that a function can produce; subset of codomain
For the function that maps a Person to their Favorite Food, the image of Gabriela is Apple. The preimage of Apple is the set {Gabriela, Maryam}. The preimage of Fish is the empty set. The image of the subset {Richard, Maryam} is {Rice, Apple}. The preimage of {Rice, Apple} is {Gabriela, Richard, Maryam}.
In mathematics, for a function
Discovered by embedding cosine similarity (sentence-transformers MiniLM, 384-dim).