random variable
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A random variable is a quantity that takes on different numerical values based on the outcome of a random phenomenon, like rolling a die or measuring tomorrow's temperature. Random variables matter because they allow us to use mathematics and statistics to analyze unpredictable events and make informed decisions despite uncertainty.
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A random variable (also called random quantity, aleatory variable, or stochastic variable) is a mathematical formalization of a quantity or object which depends on random events. The term 'random variable' in its mathematical definition refers to neither randomness nor variability but instead is a mathematical function in which
the domain is the set of possible outcomes in a sample space (e.g. the set