Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff
Also known as Jacobus van't Hoff, J.H. van 't Hoff, Jacobus Henricus, Jacobus van 't Hoff
Dutch physical and organic chemist (1852-1911)
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Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff was a Dutch chemist who lived from 1852 to 1911 and made important contributions to both physical and organic chemistry. His work helped establish fundamental principles in chemistry that are still used today to understand how substances behave and react.
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- Vorlesungen Über Theoretische und Physikalische Chemie
- Die Chemischen Grundlehren Nach Menge, Mass und Zeit
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- 1770-12-17
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- 1827-03-26
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Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff Jr. ( Dutch: [vɑn (ə)t ˈɦɔf]; 30 August 1852 – 1 March 1911) was a Dutch physical chemist. A highly influential theoretical chemist, in 1901 Van 't Hoff won the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry "[for his] discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions". His pioneering work helped found the modern theory of chemical affinity, chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, and chemical thermodynamics. In his 1874 pamphlet, Van 't Hoff formulated the theory of the tetrahedral carbon atom and laid the foundations of stereochemistry. In 1875, he predicted the correct structures of allenes and cumulenes as well as their axial chirality. He is also widely considered one of the founders of physical chemistry as the discipline is known today.
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1852 births1911 deaths20th-century deaths from tuberculosis20th-century Dutch chemistsAcademic staff of the Humboldt University of BerlinAcademic staff of the University of AmsterdamAcademic staff of Utrecht UniversityDelft University of Technology alumniDutch expatriates in GermanyDutch Nobel laureatesDutch organic chemistsDutch physical chemists