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John XXI was a pope who served the Catholic Church for just over a year, from 1276 to 1277. He is one of the shortest-reigning popes in history, making his brief papacy a relatively minor but documented chapter in the Church's leadership.
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Article
Pope John XXI (Latin: Ioannes XXI, Italian: Giovanni XXI, Portuguese: João XXI; c. 1215 – 20 May 1277), born Pedro Julião (Latin: Petrus Iulianus), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 September 1276 to his death in May 1277. He is the only Portuguese pope in history. He is sometimes identified with the logician and herbalist Peter of Spain (Latin: Petrus Hispanus; Portuguese: Pedro Hispano), which would make him the only pope to have been a physician.
Early life