Manchu
Sign in to saveEast Asian ethnic group native to northeastern China (Manchuria)
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The Manchu are an East Asian ethnic group originally from northeastern China, a region called Manchuria. They are historically significant because they established the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China for nearly three centuries and shaped much of modern Chinese culture and politics.
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The Manchus (Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ, romanized: manju; Chinese: 满洲、满族; pinyin: Mǎnzhōu, Mǎnzú; Wade–Giles: Man-chou, Man-tsu) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) and Qing (1636–1912) dynasties of China were established and ruled by the Manchus, who are descended from the Jurchen people who earlier established the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in northern China.
The Manchus are the largest branch of the Tungusic peoples and are distributed throughout China, forming the country's fourth-largest ethnic group. They inhabit 31 Chinese provincial regions. Liaoning has the largest population and Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Beijing each have over 100,000 Manchu residents. About half of the population lives in Liaoning and one-fifth in Hebei. Manchu autonomous counties in China include Xinbin, Xiuyan, Qinglong, Fengning, Yitong, Qingyuan, Weichang, Kuancheng, Benxi, Kuandian, Huanren, Fengcheng, Beizhen, including over 300 Manchu towns and townships.