Marxism–Leninism
Also known as Marxism-Leninism
thumb|300px|Soviet poster with the slogan "Raise the banner of Marx, [[Engels, Lenin and Stalin!", 1936. In the 1950s Stalin's official significance to Soviet Marxism-Leninism was reduced with de-Stalinization.]]
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Marxism–Leninism is a political ideology that combines Marx and Engels's communist theories with Lenin's methods of revolutionary leadership and party organization, which became the official doctrine of the Soviet Union. It matters because it shaped the governing principles of the Soviet state and influenced communist movements worldwide throughout the 20th century.
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29 sectionsContents
- Overview
- Communist states
- Definition, theory, and terminology
- Historiography
- History
- Bolsheviks, February Revolution, and Great War (1903–1917)
- October Revolution and Russian Civil War (1917–1922)
- Stalin's rise to power (1922–1928)
- Socialism in one country (1928–1944)
- Cold War, de-Stalinisation and Maoism (1944–1953)
- Third World conflicts (1954–1979)
- Reform and collapse of Marxism-Leninism in Eastern Eurasia and elsewhere (1979–1991)
- Post-Cold War era (1991–present)
- Ideology
- Political system
- Collectivism and egalitarianism
- Economy
- Society
- International relations
- Theology
- Criticism
- General
- Left-wing criticism
- Responses to criticism
- See also
- References
- Citations
- Bibliography
- Further reading
thumb|300px|Soviet poster with the slogan "Raise the banner of Marx, [[Engels, Lenin and Stalin!", 1936. In the 1950s Stalin's official significance to Soviet Marxism-Leninism was reduced with de-Stalinization.]]
Marxism–Leninism is a form of communist ideology that became the largest faction of the communist movement in the world in the years following the October Revolution. It was the predominant ideology of most communist governments throughout the 20th century. It was developed in the Soviet Union by Joseph Stalin and drew on elements of Bolshevism, Leninism, and Marxism. It was the state ideology of the Soviet Union, Soviet satellite states in the Eastern Bloc, and various countries in the Non-Aligned Movement and Third World during the Cold War, as well as the Communist International after Bolshevization. Today, Marxism–Leninism is the official ideology of the ruling parties of China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, as well as many other communist parties. The state ideology of North Korea is derived from Marxism–Leninism, although its evolution is disputed.